MACROLEPIDOPTERA 127 



Lycaena exhibits one apodemic species, the very widely distributed L. baetica, 

 which occurs in many Pacific islands, Australia. Asia, Africa, and Europe ; and one 

 endemic species, by no means very close to any other, but belonging to the group of 

 L. argiolus (Europe and N. Asia). 



Prionopteryx includes at present 7 American species, 2 African, and one Aus- 

 tralian ; the single Hawaiian species is sufficiently remote from any of these, but 

 probabilities are much in favour of an American origin. 



Summarising these, and excluding ambiguous forms, the apodemic species (present- 

 day) show 2 Asiatic and 2 American ; the endemic (earlier) indicate 2 Asiatic, i New 

 Zealand, and 2 American species. 



(f) Apodemic genera, with 2 — 6 endemic species. 



These number 8 genera, with 29 species. 



Hypenodes is a characteristically Indo-Malayan genus, though certain species range 

 into Europe, Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. Of the five endemic species, one 

 (much the commonest) is closely allied to the wide-ranging H. costistrigalis ; the other 

 four are presumably derivatives of this, but are in part rather curiously diverse, showing 

 sufficient structural modification to permit of subgeneric separation if desired. The 

 mutual relations of these species are however difficult to understand, and the genus 

 presents many obscure problems. 



Xanthorhoe is a very large and cosmopolitan genus, though relatively more 

 prominent in New Zealand than elsewhere. The four endemic species are probably 

 but not obviously of common origin ; they are of an early type, and may have most 

 affinity to some Australian and New Zealand forms, but it is uncertain. 



Deilephila includes one apodemic and four endemic species, one of the latter being 

 of doubtful generic reference and therefore best neglected for the present. The 

 apodemic species is the cosmopolitan D. lineata, an insect of exceptionally powerful 

 flicrht, which micrht have come from either side. The three other endemic species 

 form a single group, doubtless from a common ancestor, rather markedly distinct from 

 any other, but perhaps related most to D. galii, which is widely spread in Europe, 

 C. Asia, and N. America. 



Homoeosoma is a generally distributed genus. The two endemic species (extremely 

 similar but structurally distinct) must be modifications of a single ancestor, and approach 

 very closely H. vagella, which is very common in Australia, and scarce in New 



Zealand. 



Talis includes at present 28 Australian species, i New Zealand, 4 Indo-Malayan, 

 2 African, 3 European, and 2 C. and S. American. The 6 Hawaiian species (probably 

 there are more to be discovered) form a closely connected group of single origin, which 

 seem to resemble most the small and inconspicuous Australian T. ge/asiis. though they 



