128 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS 



show little similarity to the main body of Australian species. It is however also 

 possible that the connection is with the Indo-Malayan forms. The distribution of this 

 genus is curious, and it was perhaps once more generally prevalent. 



Margaronia is universally distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, but is 

 most characteristic of the Indo-Malayan fauna. The two endemic species (quite inde- 

 pendent, and belonging to different groups of the genus) are both of Indo-Malayan 

 affinity. 



Mecyna is a limited but cosmopolitan genus. There are two endemic species, of 

 which one is the local representative of the universally distributed polygonalis group, 

 being apparently nearest to the New Zealand form, M. deprivalis ; but here it certainly 

 appears probable that the New Zealand representative is derived from the Hawaiian 

 and not vice versa, as it shows no immediate relationship to the Australian form. In 

 this case the origin of the Hawaiian form must be referred to North America. The 

 other species is of somewhat uncertain affinity, but may possibly be a derivative of the 

 first. 



Loxostege is characteristic of the northern hemisphere, though stragglers occur as 

 far as Australia. The three endemic species form a connected group, not very near 

 to any other, but possibly inclining rather to the North American type. 



In this class, therefore, apart from one doubtful and one apodemic cosmopolitan 

 form, 9 primary species are indicated, of which three are certainly Indo-Malayan, 

 3 probably American, and 3 probably Australian. 



{d) Apodemic genera, with 9 — 1 3 endemic species. 



In this class are comprised 4 genera, with 42 species. 



Leucania is a large and quite cosmopolitan genus ; some of the species are great 

 wanderers, and many, perhaps most, of the species feed in the larval state on grasses, 

 and therefore find suitable food everywhere ; the genus is relatively prominent in New 

 Zealand. The 9 Hawaiian species belong to two quite independent and dissimilar 

 groups ; the first 4 species form an endemic group which is rather strikingly distinct 

 from anything known to me, and must be classed as of wholly unknown origin ; the 

 apodemic L. tmipuncta is spread over sufficiently warm regions of the whole globe, and 

 its original home is doubtful ; whilst the remaining 4 endemic species form a connected 

 group so closely approaching L. tmipuncta that they must be held to have been derived 

 from it. 



Eucyviatoge includes about 20 Australian, Asiatic, and European species. It is 

 however also interesting as being the undoubted parent of the very extensive genus 

 Tephroclystis, characteristic of the Northern hemisphere but more especially Europe, 

 and the also considerable Chloroclystis, which is principally Indo-Malayan, Australian, 

 and New Zealand. Hence it is relatively a rather old genus, which would seem to 



