274 Master Minds of Modern Science 



rubbish of thousands of years until it had been found 

 again, and held up by a twentieth-century lecturer before 

 his audience. 



Another flint implement which Dr Sturge showed 

 had upon it scratches made by ice. Now an Ice Age 

 comes round only once in about twenty thousand years, 

 so that this particular flint tool had certainly been made 

 before the last Ice Age. 



These early and ape-like men were succeeded in South- 

 western Europe by another and much more highly 

 developed race called the Aurignacian. These people 

 have left us proof of their artistic ability in pictures 

 cut or painted on the walls of the caves which they 

 inhabited. Most of these pictures are found in caves in 

 the department of Dordogne, in France. Sir Arthur 

 Smith Woodward is one of those who have examined 

 them. 



The work is astonishingly good. There is nothing of 

 the stiffness of the Egyptian draughtsmanship, yet these 

 semi-savage artists were working thousands of years 

 before Egypt had reached even the dawn of civilization. 

 Almost all the wild animals of that remote period are 

 pictured in these caves, including a number that are now 

 extinct. There are, for instance, drawings of the great 

 hairy mammoth, of the huge cave bear, of the bison, of 

 the maneless lion, and of a sort of horse with a large head 

 recalling the wild Mongolian horse of the present day. 

 The great Irish elk, taller than a tall horse and much 

 larger than any of the modern deer, is represented, while 

 there are also pictures of several creatures that cannot be 

 identified. % $ 



A very interesting picture is one of a horse with a strap 

 around the nose, showing that in those long-past days the 

 horse had already been tamed by man. Another drawing 

 is of a hornless bull, quite plainly a domesticated breed, 

 and one that must have been domesticated for a very long 



