474 



Index 



Oil gland, 118 



Oils, 274 



Optical sections, 19 



Orchid seeds, 389 



Origin of protoplasm, 148 



Osmoscope, 171 



Osmosis, experiment, 170; permeable 

 and semi-permeable membranes, 173; 

 pressures, 1S2; explained, 184; dia- 

 gram of, 184; phenomena, 185, 186 



Osmotic absorption, 173, 268; turges- 

 cence, 52; pressures, amount, 182; ex- 

 planations, 183; phenomena, 185 



Ovary, 281 



Overproduction, 407 



Ovules, 281, 283; changed to leaves, 375 



Oxygen, in photosynthesis, 30, 31; in 

 respu'ation, 82 



Pangenesis, 415, 417 



Parasites, 17; and growi;h, 370; 450, 465 



Parthenogenesis, 299 



Partridge Berry, 317 



Pasteur, 148 



Pathology, defined, 3 



Pavements burst, 78, 79 



Pectins, 115 



Peptones, 127 



Perception, 229 



Perennials, explained, 366 



Personification of Nature, 326 



Petioles, 52, 70; function, 258 



Pfeflfer's cell, 182 



Phsenotypes, 423 



Pharmacology, 3 



Philosophy of nature, 403 



Phosphoprotcins, 127 



Phosphorus in plants, 126, 128 



Photonasty, 252 



Photosynlhate, defined, 24; quantities, 

 25 



Photosynthesis; defined, 24; product, 24; 

 27; materials used, 28; carbon dioxide, 

 29; water, 29; oxygen, 30; equation, 

 31; quantities, 25, 26, 31; and chlo- 

 rophyll, 32; and light, 32, 34; as manu- 

 facture, 35; visualization, 36; machin- 

 ery, 36, 37, Plate I; adaptations 



thereto, 47, 50; the four essentials, 48; 

 effects on plant form, 48 



Photosynthetic, equation, 31; tree, 51; 

 sugar, 106; its fate, 132 



Phototropism, explained, 225, 226; ex- 

 periment, 226; negative and trans- 

 verse, 227, 232; of leaves, 225; of stems, 

 225; of roots, 226; of flowers, 234; of 

 fruits, 235 



Phyllotaxy, described, 62; systems, 62, 

 63; explanation, 64, 360 



Physiological method, 203 



Physiology, defined, 2 



Pineapple, fasciated, 374 



Pistils, open, 375 



Pitcher leaves, 69, 375 



Pitcher Plants, 68, 69, 194 



Pith, 222 



Plant breeding, defined, 3; 273; 404, 426; 

 products, 426; by selection, 429; pres- 

 ervation of sports, 435; crossing and 

 hybridization, 437; cultivation, 442; 

 theory, 443 



Plant fats, 116 



Plant Industry, defined, 3 



Plant improvement, methods, 428 



Plant oils, 116; in seeds, 116 



Plants, kinds of, 1 



Plasomen, 146 



Plastids, 110, 150, 160 



Pleasures of Botany, 5, 6, 7, 46; of 

 science, 204, 217 



Pleurococcus, 446 



Plumes, 389 



Plumule, 354 



Poison Ivy, 117, 275 



Poisons, 106, 125; and growth, 336 



Pollen, damaged by water, 272; 281; 

 male cell, 282, 284; grains, described, 

 306; protection of, 324; projected, 

 323; tube, guided, 241; growth, 282, 

 291 



Pollination, 282 



Poppy pods, 387 



Potash in plants, 135, 136 



Potential vs. kinetic energy, 93 



Potted plants, care of, 87 



Pressure by roots, 78 



