Berger: Radiation Effects in Space 



483 



the electron bombardment are not necessary, which make it the more plausible 

 that these radiation syntheses were responsible for the occurrence of amino 

 acids in the oceans of the primitive earth." It was there that they could be 

 used to further evolution. 



EVOLUTIONS 



ORGANIC EVOLUTION CHEMICAL EVOLUTION FORMATION OF THE EARTH 



TODAY 



a'llO^ 3'«I03 4«I0^ YEARS AGO 



Figure 1. 



Table 1 



Yields! from Sparking a Mixture of CH4 , NH3 , H3O , and H2 ; 710 mg. of Carbon 



Was .\dded as CH4 



Because the composition of gas mixtures may be varied at will in the labora- 

 tory, conditions in the gas envelope of other planets may be approximated. 

 Sagan and Miller^ used hydrogen, methane and ammonia resembling the at- 

 mosphere of Jupiter. The reaction mixture contained afterward a number of 

 different lower hydrocarbons and acetonitrile. Recent investigations on mag- 

 netic fields around Jupiter indicate that very strong ones are indeed present.^ 

 Therefore, Jupiter may contain currents of molten material which cause the 

 fields. It may be deduced that the possibility of warmer zones on Jupiter has 



