Five-leaved Clove)- 355 



or in gardens. And before describing the de- 

 tails of my unsuccessful pedigree-culture, it may 

 be as well to give some more instances of what 

 occurs in nature. 



Stray anomalies are of course rare, but not 

 so rare that they might not be found in large 

 numbers when perseveringly sought for. 

 Pitcher-like leaves may be found on many trees 

 and shrubs and herbs, but ordinarily one or 

 only two of them are seen in the course of many 

 years on the same plant, or in the same strain. 

 In some few instances they occur annually or 

 nearly so, as in some individuals of the Euro- 

 pean lime-tree (Tilia parvifolia) and of the 

 common magnolia (Magnolia ohovata). Many 

 of our older cultivated plants are very rich in 

 anomalies of all kinds, and Cyclamen, Fuchsia, 

 Pelargonium and some others are notorious 

 sources of teratologic phenomena. Deviations 

 in flowers may often be seen, consisting of 

 changes in the normal number of the several or- 

 gans, or alterations in their shape and color. 

 Leaves may have two tips, instead of one, the 

 mid-vein being split near the apex, and the fis- 

 sure extending more or less towards the base. 

 Kays of the umbels of umbelliferous plants may 

 grow together and become united in groups of 

 two or more, and in the same way the fruits of 



