Pteridophjten. 41 



Copeland, E. 3., The Fe ms of Mount Apo. (Leaflets Philippine 

 Botany. III. Art. 45. p. 791-851. 1910.) 



A Short description of the locality is given in the introduction. 

 The total nuniber of all the species known from the mountain mass 

 of Apo and Calelan is more than two hunderd and fifty. The 

 number of species known from the different zones is as follovvs: 

 Alpine brush 5, Mossy forest 76, Rain forest 96, High forest 62. 

 The endemism of the mossy forest is high, as is illustrated by the 

 dominant group: Eupolypodium. And still, considering that the 

 mossy forest occurs only in small and usually vvidely separated 

 spots, it is surprising how many of its peculiar species have a wide 

 geographical ränge. Monachosorum and Cheivopleuria are examples 

 of this; and as a generic case of the same kind, we have Achroso- 

 ruSj extending apparently from Polynesia to the Malay Penin- 

 sula, but most of the species known each from a Single mountain. 



The known facts as to the geographical distribution of the Apo 

 ferns may be summa rized as foUows: 



Local .......... 33 



Confined to Mindanao 5 



Conflned to the Philippines 43 



Total endemic in the Philippines . . . 81 



Malayan species not passing Mindanao . . 14 



Malayan species not reaching Luzon . . . 21 

 Malayan species not passing Luzon . • .112 



Malayan species not passing the Philippines . 147 



Malayan species not reaching Japan ... 7 



Malayan species reaching Japan .... 17 



Malayan species passing Japan .... 1 



Total Malayan species passing Luzon . . . 25 



Species known beyond but not inMaiaya . . 1 



Northern species not reaching Malaya . . . 



This table illustrates, probably more strikingly than has been 

 done before, the measure of independence of the Philippine 

 fern flora, and the completeness of its ultiraate dependence on the 

 fern flora of Malaya. 



In the enumeration following new or interesting species are 

 found. Those menUoned without authority, are new species by 

 Copeland. 



Gleichenia sordida, G. Elmeri; Cyathea apoensis, resembles C. 

 sollingeriana Mett. and C orientalis Moore, also C lanaensis Christ., 

 Cyathea bicolor, somewhat similar C. caudata J. Sm. and C. javanica; 

 Dryopteris dura, D. gymnocarpa, suggests D. africana (Desv.) C. Chr. 

 and philippina (Presl) C. Chr., D. calva near to D. gracilescens (Bl.) 

 O. K.; Athyniun macyosonim, this suggests in appearance A. silva- 

 ticum (Bl.) Milde, A. costulisormn, a species of the Bvachysorus 

 group, A. palaiinnense Copel. var. apoense; Aspleniuni ellipticum 

 (Fee) Copel comb, nova {Neottiopteris elliptica Fee, A. niiisaefoliimi 

 Mett.); Coniograrnine subcordata, near C. serndata (Bl.) Fee; Micro- 

 lepia spec. Davallia villosa Don, new to the Philippines; Paesia 

 Elmeri; Prosaptia ancestralis; Polypodiiim puhinerve (Bl.) Christ, new 

 to the Philippines; P. durum, most nearly related to P. fascia- 

 tum (Bl.) Mett., P. mtiscoides, allied to P. alternidens and P. gracil- 

 Iimu}n, P. clavifer Hook., new to the Philippines, P. nutans Bl., 

 new to the Philippines, P. pulcherrimum , resembles P. Yoderi; 

 Hymenolepis platyrhynchos (J. Sm.) Kze. var. glauca; Elaphoglossitm 



