320 Pflanzenkrankheiten. — Bacteriolosie. 



t5' 



involved a study of the transpiration rates of leaves and twigs in 

 their normal position, employing a modification of the apparatus 

 previously used by Freeman (Bot. Gaz. XLVI. p. 118). As a result 

 of the impressions made it is concluded that there is an Inhibition 

 of water loss due to the disease, although the rate was not subject 

 to any consistent Variation. From the early part to the close of the 

 period of Observation, July 19— Aug. 23, there is considerable Varia- 

 tion, the rates showing at first a relatively lower rate for the dise- 

 ased leaves; during the second period, the lowest rate obtained; 

 and during the third period there was a relative increase. It is 

 believed that the inhibition of transpiration brought about by this 

 fungus is due to the lessening of the amount of spongy tissue and 

 to the decreased number of stomata and to the absence of sub- 

 stomatal cavities. Duggar (St. Louis). 



Rosenbaum, W. H., Pathogenicity and identit}'- of Sclero 

 tinia Libertiana and 5. smilacina on Ginseng. (Journ. Agr. Res. 

 V. p. 291—297. pl. 28—29. Nov. 15, 1915.) 



Sclerotinia Libertiana is found to cause the "white rot" oi Aralia 

 quinquefolia ; and 5. Panacis, causing the "black rot" of the same 

 host is identified with 5. smilacina. Trelease. 



Sherbakoff, C. D., The after effect of sulfur treatment on 

 soil. (Phytopath. V. p. 219-222. 1915.) 



Plots of ground were treated in 1912 and 1913 with 1) 450 Ibs. 

 of sulfur per acre; 2) 900 Ibs. of sulfur per acre and 3) sulfur plus 

 litne and commercial fertilizer. In 1914 clover grown on the same 

 plots showed poor growth where treated with sulfur alone; lime 

 plus fertilizer improved growth. Plots which had had no sulfur gave 

 best results. Sulfur on humus is better than sulfur on gravelly soil. 



Zeller (St. Louis.) 



Kellerman, K. F. and N. R. Smith. Bacterial precipitation 

 of calcium carbonate. (Jour. Washington Acad. Sei. IV. p. 

 400—402. 1914.) 



Precipitates of calcium carbonate were formed by three types 

 of biological processes under laboratory conditions. These were: 

 1) The associative action of mixed cultures of bacteria, one species 

 of which formed traces of carbon dioxide and one species ammonia 

 by decomposition of proteids, or reduction of nitrates to nitrites 

 and to ammonia. The ammonium carbonate reacted with calcium 

 sulphate. 2) Calcium carbonate was precipitated from water con- 

 taining calcium bicarbonate by the bacterial production of ammonia. 

 3) Calcium carbonate was precipitated by bacterial decomposition 

 of calcium salts of organic acids. 



The authors propose the new combination Pseudomonas calcts 

 (Drew) Kellerman and Smith for Bacterium calcis Drew. 



J. C. Gilman (St. Louis). 



Mc Beth, I. G. and F. M. Scales. The destruction of cellu- 

 lose by bacteria and filamentous fungi. (U. S. Dept. Agr. 

 Bur. Plant Ind. Bul. 266. p. 1-50. pl. 1—4. 1913.) 



Fifteen cellulose destroying bacteria and several filamentous 



