Anofewandte Botanik. 351 



'o 



into aerial shoots wiih leaves and flowers, and others that remain 

 subterranean, in the shape of long; tubers densely covered with 

 fibrous, scale-like leaves. All the roots are of nutritive type, and 

 show no points of special interest. The tubers contain a broad cortex 

 and a thinvvalled endodermis, which surrounds another broad zone 

 of parenchyma transversed by numerous mestome-strands, collateral 

 or hadrocentric. The leaf-structure is dorsiventral; a very conspi- 

 cuous hypoderm surrounds the chlorenchyma, which is differentia- 

 ted into ventral palisade- and a dorsal pneumatic tissue; the midrib 

 contains a huge water-storagetissue, and tnany mestome-strands. 

 The Upper part of the long petiole forms an articulus or pulvinus 

 of the characteristic structure described by Schw^endener in his 

 paper: Das Wassergewebe im Gelenkpolster der Marantaceen. The 

 very characteristic foliage with thin, ample blades and with pulvini 

 of the remarkable structure, known only from this famiiy, gives 

 an exellent idea of a sciaphilous type from the shady, tropical 

 forests. Theo Holm. 



Holm, T., Medicinal plants of North-America. 95. Petiveria 

 alliaceae L. (Merck's Report 24. p. 266-270. f. 1-23. Nov. 1915.) 



The plant is described and figüred, and shows little, if really 

 any aßinity to the Phytolaccaceae. The cotyledons are of very diffe- 

 rent shape, the one oblong, the other cordate, and obtusely cuspi- 

 date. Root-shoots abound. Mature roots, though not very thick show 

 the same anomaly as certain species of Phytolacca, and the secon- 

 dary cortex contains styloids in great abundance, and of gigantic 

 size. No anomaly was absorved in any parts of the stem. The leaves 

 are thin, and stomata occur on both faces; numerous styloids, pla- 

 ced vertically on the blade, are visible as translucid dots. There is 

 a typical palisade tissue of one Stratum covering a compact pneu- 

 matic tissue of only four layers. Six separate mestome-strands con- 

 stitute the midrib, all supported by arches of stereids, and embed- 

 ded in a large water-storage-tissue. The same structure, recurs in 

 the cotyledons. With regard to the floral structure, the perianth 

 consists of four linear leaves, spreading during anthesis, afterwards 

 erect, surrounding the fruit, and persisting. The four to eight sta- 

 mens are inserted on a hypogynous disk, and the filaments vary 

 in length. The ovary is tomentose, bearing four to six reflexed 

 setae at apex, and the peniciliate Stigma is situated some distance 

 below the apex on the dorsal face of the ovary; the mature fruit 

 is an achene, Theo Holm. 



Schneidewind, W., Die Ernährung d er land wirtschaftli - 

 chen Kulturpflanzen. Lehrbuch auf der Grundlage 

 wissen schaftl ich er Forschung und praktisch er Er fah- 

 rung bearbeitet. (Berlin, P. Parey. 1915. 15 Fig. Gebunden 

 13 Mark.) 



Die Einteilung des Werkes ist folgende: 



I. Teil: Physiologie der Ernährung: Ernährung der Keim- 

 pflanze und der grünen Pflanze 



II. Teil: Behandlung des Bodens: Bestandteile der festen 

 Erdrinde; Bodenbildung; über Bodenarten, ihre Eigenschaften und 

 Umwandlungen durch menschliches Eingreifen. 



III. Teil: Düngung. Die verschiedenen Düngemittel und ihre 

 Anwendung, die Düngung der einzelnen Kulturpflanzen; Beispiele 



