PINUS ^^ 



rather smooth; leaves 2 in a fascicle, dark green, 9-16 cm. long; 

 mature cones ovoid-conical, 5 cm. long; scales unarmed. Dry 

 woods, Newfoundland to Manitoba, south to Minnesota and the 

 mountains of West Virginia; most common about the Great Lakes 

 and in New England (Fig. 10). 



3. P_, nigra Arnold. Austrian Pin e. A tree 30-50 m. high; 

 bark dark brown to black; buds silvery or light brown; branchlets 

 usually light brown; leaves stiff, 9-16 cm. long, dark green; 

 cones 5-8 cm. long, the scales with a short prickle on the umbo. 

 Introduced from Europe and spreading slightly from cultivation 

 (Fig. 11.) 



4. _P, sylvestr is L. Scotch Pine. A timber tree up to 40 m. 

 high; bark gray; leaves in 2's, bluish or grayish-green, 3-7 cm. 

 long; cones 3-6 cm. long, slender, conic, reflexed, the scales 

 thickened, rhombic, with a central protuberance but not prickly. 

 Introduced from Europe, much cultivated, and naturalized (Fig. 12). 



5. JP_. echinata Mill. Shortleaf Pine . Yellow Pine. A straight 

 tree 15-45 m. high, with a trunk diameter of 6-10 dm.; bark broken 

 into large more or less rectangular plates; leaves mostly in 2's, 

 but also in 3's on the same tree, 7-13 cm. long, slender, flexible; 

 mature cones ovoid, about 5 cm. long; scales armed with a minute 

 weak prickle. Dry or sandy soil, Florida to Texas, north to New 

 York, Ohio, and Oklahoma (Fig. 13). 



6. JP. virginiana Mill. Scrub Pine. Virginia Pine . Jersey 

 Pine. A straggling tree 5-20 m. high, trunk diameter 3-6 dm.; 

 branches spreading or drooping; bark with shallow fissures and 

 dark brown loose scales; leaves in 2's, 4-8 cm. long, twisted, 

 gray-green; mature cones few, oblong-conic, 3-7 cm. long;scales 

 with a straight or curved slender prickle. Barrens and sterile soil, 

 Georgia to Arkansas, north to Virginia, New Jersey, New York 

 and Indiana (Fig. 14). 



7. JP. rigida Mill. Pitch Pine. A tree 10-25 m. high, with 

 very rough dark bark and hard resinous ("pitchy") wood; leaves in 

 3's, 5-12 cm. long, rigid, dark green; mature cones ovoid-conical 

 or ovoid, 3-9 cm. long, often clustered; scales thickened at the 

 apex, bearing a short thick curved prickle. Sandy or barren soil, 

 Maine to Ontario, south to Ohio and the mountains of Georgia and 

 Tennessee (Fig. 15). 



8. JP. pungens Lamb. Table Mountain Pine. A rather small 

 tree, 6-20 m. high, and with trunk diameter of 10 dm. ; bark 

 broken by fissures into irregular red-brown plates, leaves in 2's 



