46 WOODY PLANTS 



prickles ;branchlets somewhat angled ; berries bluish -black, 6 mm. 

 in diameter. Sandy thickets and fields, Florida and Texas, north 

 to New England, West Virginia, and Missouri (Fig. 26). 



4. S. laurifolia L. Laurel-leaf Greenbrier . Blaspheme- Vine. 

 Evergreen high-climbing vine, with knotty somewhat woody rhiz- 

 omes and strong terete stems armed with rigid prickles; tendrils 

 intermittent; leaves coriaceous, 0.6-2 dm. long, 1-7. 5 cm. broad, 

 the middle vein much more prominent than the lateral ones; ber- 

 ries black. Swamps and moist soil, Florida to Texas, north to New 

 Jersey and Tennessee; also in the West Indies (Fig. 27). 



SALIX L. * (Salicaceae) 



Deciduous trees and shrubs, with wood of light weight. Tree 

 trunks 1 or 2—4 together, often leaning; shrubs often clumpy and 

 sometimes forming thickets by the growth of underground runners. 

 Twigs mostly slender but sometimes stoutish (S. discolor, S. 

 caprea ), terete. Bark on young twigs usually smooth; green, yel- 

 low, brown, purplish, or black, sometimes shining; glabrous, 

 glabrate, puberulent, gray-pubescent, or white-tomentose, vary- 

 ing with species, age of twigs, and season. Pith small, round, 

 continuous, white. Buds small to large, 1-2 mm. to 10 mm. or 

 more long, oblong to ovate, appressed, solitary (or sometimes 

 multiple), with a single exposed scale, colored and clothed as the 

 twigs; terminal bud lacking. Leaf-scars alternate or rarely sub- 

 opposite or opposite (S. purpurea ), shallow, narrow, curved; 

 bundle-traces 3, Stipule-scars tiny to obvious, sometimes ab- 

 sent. Aments of precocious species sometimes appearing in 

 February or March. 



a. Trees, twigs mostly slender, yellow- 

 ish to brown or black; buds small to 

 midsized (except S . fragilis ), 1-5 mm. long 



b. Twigs not markedly pendulous (weeping) 



0. Twigs yellow or yellowish, glabrous 



4. S. amygdaloides 

 c. Twigs yellowish or greenish 



(seasonal) to dark brown or 



black; native trees 



d. Small tree or shrub; bark 

 gray; twigs not brittle; buds 

 small, 1-3 mm. long 3. S. caroliniana 



d. Large tree; bark dark 



brown to black; twigs brittle 

 at base; buds small to mid- 

 sized, 2-5 mm, long, reddish- 

 brown. 5, S. nigra 

 *Text contributed by Carleton R. Ball 



