SALDC 51 



sized, lance-oblong, 5-7 mm. long, chestnut-brown to olive or 

 reddish-brown, glabrous, shining. Swampy and boggy ground, 

 rather than along streams, from New Jersey to Ohio and Indiana, 

 Minnesota, Montana, north to Newfoundland, James Bay, Saskat- 

 chewan, and Alberta. 



3. S, carotiniana Michx, Carolina Willow . Ward's Wil- 

 low. Shrub or small tree to 19 m. high in our area, larger west- 

 ward; bark gray, deeply checkered; twigs slender, the seasonal 

 0. 5-1 mm. , older to 4 mm. in diameter, yellowish, becoming 

 brown to black with age, the youngest pubescent to glabrous; buds 

 very small, 1-3 mm. long, colored and clothed as the twigs. 

 Stream banks and low woods, Florida, Texas, north to Maryland, 

 Pennsylvania, Illinois and Kansas: also in Cuba. 



4. S. amygdaloides Anders son. Peachleaf Willow . Shrub 

 or small tree with 1-3 often leaning trunks to 12 m. high and to 



4 dm. in diameter; bark brown, scaly or fissured; twigs slender, 

 1-3 mm. in diameter, yellow, glabrous; buds small, 2-4 mm. 

 long, yellow or yellowish-brown. Alluvial soils, usually near water, 

 Pennsylvania to Texas and Arizona, north to Quebec and British 

 Columbia. 



5. S, nigra Marsh. Black Willow. A shrub or tree to 

 30 m. high, with 1-4 often leaning trunks to 5 dm. in diameter, 

 the largest of the native willows; bark flaky, dark brown to black; 

 twigs slender, 1-3 mm. in diameter, greenish to dark brown, 

 glabrescent, somewhat brittle at base; buds small, 2-4mm, long,red- 

 dish-brown. Abundant in alluvial soils along streams and in low. 

 woods, Florida to Texas, north to New Brunswick, Nebraska, and 

 Minnesota (Fig. 28). 



6. S, fragilis L. Brittle Willow . Crack Willow . English 

 Willow . Tree to 20 or 25 m. high, sometimes with 2 or 3 trunks, 

 1-2 m. in diameter; bark thick, rough, gray; twigs slender, 

 greenish-yellow to reddish-brown, pubescent to glabrous, some- 

 what lustrous, very brittle at base (hence the Latin and English 

 names); buds midsized, 3-7 mm. or occasionally 10 mm. long, 

 brown. Widely introduced from Europe in colonial days, for senti- 

 ment and for charcoal to use in making gunpowder; sparingly es- 

 caped along watercourses near towns and farmsteads. Extensively 

 hybridized with S. alba both in Europe and America. 



7. S. alba L. White Willow . Cricket-bat Willow. Large 

 tree to 20 m. or more in height, and to 1 m. or more in diameter, 

 often with two or three large trunks above the base; bark rough, 

 coarsely ridged, gray to brownish; seasonal twigs greenish-yellow. 



