SALIX 53 



twigs usually rather short and stout, yellowish to chestnut-brown 

 and dark-brown, younger somewhat pubescent (or white-tomentose 

 in var. albovestita ); buds midsized, 2-5 (-8)mm. long, stoutish, 

 colored and clothed as the twigs. Sand dunes and sandy shores, 

 calcareous slopes, and sometimes in swamps, Maine to Indiana 

 and Wisconsin, north to Newfoundland and Hudson Bay. 



13. S. petiolarls J. E. Smith. Slender Willow . Clumpy 

 shrub to a few-stemmed' tree, 2-5 or rarely 6-7 m. high; bark 

 gray; twigs slender, leafy, yellowish or yellowish-green and pu- 

 berulent to dark brown and glabrous (reddish-brown in dry areas); 

 buds small, 2-5 or rarely 6 mm. long, acute to obtuse, colored 

 as the twigs. Moist meadows, streams, and lake shores. New Jer- 

 sey to Nebraska, Colorado, and Montana, north to New Brunswick, 

 James Bay, and Alberta. 



14. S. sericea Marsh. Silky Willow . Shrub with clustered 

 stems or small tree, 2-6 or 8 m. high; bark gray; twigs slender, 

 light brown to mostly dark brown, younger somewhat pubescent to 

 puberulent, older glabrate-glabrous (plants with older twigs pubes- 

 cent probably represent S. subsericea (Andersson) Schneider, which 

 occurs from Massachusetts to Nebraska and north to Nova Scotia 

 and Alberta); bud-scales small, 2-5 or rarely 6 mm. long, color- 

 ed and clothed as the twigs. In moist, rocky to gravelly ground, 

 often near or in running water, Georgia to Arkansas, north to 

 Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Michigan, and Iowa. 



15. S. caprea L. Goat Willow . Florist's Willow. Tall 

 shrub or small tree, sometimes with a single trunk, 2-3 m. high- 

 bark gray; twigs stout, mostly 3-5 (-6) mm. in diameter, yellow- 

 ish-brown to dark brown, pubescent to glabrescent; buds stout at 

 maturity, midsized to large, 4-9 mm. long, younger acute, older 

 obtuse, colored and clothed as the twigs. Introduced from Europe, 

 where it has many and varied uses. Sparingly cultivated in America, 

 chiefly as a "pussy" willow, and used extensively by florists for 

 early spring decorations, as are the introduced S. cinerea L. and 

 the native _S^ discolor Muhl. Escaped around old nurseries. S. 

 cinerea is closely related but twigs and buds are more densely 

 pubescent. 



16. S. discolor Muhl. Pussy Willow . Glaucous Willow . 

 Few-stemmed shrub or small tree, 2-5 or rarely 7.5 m. high; 

 bark thin, usually smooth, reddish-brown; twigs stout, 3-6 mm. 

 in basal diameter, reddish or reddish-purple to mostly dark brown, 

 glabrous or youngest thinly pubescent (more densely so in var. 

 latifolia Andersson);buds large, 4-9 mm. long, acute to obtuse, 

 colored and clothed as the twigs. Common in swamps and moist 



