CARYA ^^ 



fruit obovoid, the husk thin, splitting only part way to the base;nut 

 rather thick- shelled; seed rather bitter. Dry woods, Vermont to 

 Illinois, south to Florida and Louisiana (Fig. 47). 



7, C. ovalis (Wang. ) Sarg. Oval Pignut Hickory . Red Hickory . 

 A tree 20-40 m. in height, 3-10 dm. in diameter; bark closely and 

 deeply furrowed; twigs red-brown, glabrous; terminal bud small, 

 less than 10 mm. long; fruit oval in vertical section, the husk thin, 

 splitting freely to the base; nut 4-ribbed above the center; kernel 

 rather sweet. Rich soil, Massachusetts to Michigan and Iowa, 

 south to Georgia and Arkansas (Fig. 48). 



8. C. pallida (Ashe) Engl, and Graebn. Pale Hickory. Sand 

 Hickory . A tree usually 10-15 m. high, with trunk diameter of 

 3-6 dm. ; bark very pale to dark gray, becoming deeply furrowed; 

 buds silvery, the terminal about 6 mm. long; fruit yellow-scaly, 

 1. 5-4 cm. long, the husk thin, tardily splitting to base; nut thin- 

 shelled; kernel sweet. Dry sandy soil, mostly on or near the coast- 

 al plain, Louisiana to Florida, north to Tennessee and New Jersey. 



CORYLUS L. (Betulaceae) 



Deciduous shrubs. Twigs moderate, terete, zigzag; pith 

 continuous, 3-sided, pale or brown. Buds solitary, sessile, ovoid, 

 obtuse, with about 4-6 scales. Leaf-scars alternate, 2-ranked, 

 more or less triangular, small; bundle-traces 3 or multiplied; 

 stipule-scars elongated. 



a. Bud-scales persistent, the outer 



short; fruit-involucre broad l.C. americana 



a. Outer bud -scales elongated, often 



deciduous; fruit -involucre prolonged in- 

 to a slender beak 2. C. cornuta 



1. C. americana Walt. American Hazelnut . A shrub 1-3 m. 

 high, young shoots russet-brown, densely bristly with pinkish hairs 

 becoming darker, mostly falling before spring; buds 4 mm. long, 

 pubescent; involucre composed of two broad bracts; nut light brown, 

 1. 1-5 cm. long. Thickets, Maine to Saskatchewan, south to Georgia 

 and Oklahoma (Fig. 49). 



2. C. cornuta Marsh. Beaked Hazelnut. (C. rostrata Ait.). 

 Shrub 1-3 m. high; twigs pubescent; involucre composed of united 

 bracts prolonged above the nut into a narrow tubular beak. Thickets, 

 Newfoundland to British Columbia, south to Georgia, Kansas, and 

 Colorado (Fig. 50). 



OSTRYA Scop, (Betulaceae) 



Deciduous trees with scaly bark. Twigs slender, zigzag, 

 terete; pith small, pale green, round or somewhat angled, con- 



