ILEX ^^^ 



b. Buds not appressed 4. I. verticillata 



1. J. opaca Ait. American Holly . Small tree, 6-20 m. high, 

 bark close, rough, gray, with inconspicuous lenticels; twigs slen- 

 der; buds short, blunt, downy; leaves evergreen, elliptical, thick, 

 5-10 cm. long, smooth, with wavy margin and remote spiny teeth 

 or occasionally entire; fruit red or sometimes yellow, 7-10 mm. 

 in diameter. Moist woods, Florida to Texas, north to Massachu- 

 setts, Pennsylvania, Missouri and Oklahoma (Fig. 182). 



2. _Ii collina A lexander. Long- stalked Holly . Shrub or small 

 tree 3-4 m. tall; branches spreading, bark smooth, gray; twigs 

 gray, glabrous; buds somewhat appressed, pubescent; lenticels 

 conspicuous; fruits red, rarely yellow, 7-10 mm. in diameter. 

 Woods, Virginia and West Virginia (Fig. 183). 



3. J. montana T. and G. Mountain Holly . Shrub or small tree, 

 up to 8 m. high; bark thin, rough and warty, brownish-gray, with 

 numerous lenticels; twigs smooth, reddish-brown, becoming gray, 

 enlarged at the nodes, with decurrent ridges running down from 

 the leaf-scars; buds appressed, pointed, 2 mm. long, the scales 

 ovate, keeled, sharp-pointed, light-brown, finely hairy at the 

 apex; fruits red, about 1 cm. in diameter. Moist woods, in the 

 mountains. New York to Georgia and Tennessee; also in Japan 

 (Fig. 184 ). 



4. l^ verticillata (L. ) Gray. Black-Alder. Winterberry . 

 Whorled Holly. Shrub or small tree 0. 5-6 m. high; bark smooth, 

 ashen; twigs slender, smooth or slightly pubescent; buds spread- 

 ing, blunt, the scales obtuse; fruits rf?d, rarely yellow, 5-7 mm. 

 in diameter, so crowded as to appear whorled. Moist soil, New- 

 foundland to Minnesota, south to Georgia and Missouri (Fig. 185). 



5. _!. glabra (L. ) Gray. Inkberry . Gallberry . A shrub to 3 m. 

 high; branchlets ashy-puberulent; leaves evergreen, coriaceous, 

 lustrous, lanceolate to oblong, mostly blunt, crenate or crenate- 

 serrate, 1. 5-5 cm. long, 0.7-2 cm. wide; drupes black, globose, 

 6 mm. in diameter. Sandy soil, in the coastal plain, Louisiana 



to Florida, north to Nova Scotia (Fig. 186). 



NEMOPANTHUS Raf. (Aquifoliaceae) 



Deciduous shrub with light-colored bark. Twigs slender, often 

 remaining rather short; pith small, continuous. Buds ovoid, soli- 

 tary, small, sessile, pointed at the apex, with 2 ciliate scales. 

 Leaf-scars raised, triangular or crescent-shaped; bundle-trace 

 1; stipule-scars none. Fruit red, long-stalked, persistent in winter. 



