CHIONANTHUS 183 



CHIONANTHUS L. (Oleaceae) 



Deciduous shrubs or small trees. Twigs moderate, somewhat 

 4-sided; pith moderate, white, continuous. Buds solitary or super- 

 posed, sessile, round-ovoid, small, with about 3 pairs of sharp- 

 pointed keeled scales. Leaf-scars opposite, triangular, rather 

 small; bundle-trace 1, compound; stipule-scars none. 



1. C. virginicus L. Fringetree. A large shrub or small tree 

 to 20 m.~high; twigs moderate, pubescent when young; buds ovoid, 

 buff, the scales sharp-pointed (the points often get broken off dur- 

 ing the winter). Damp woods, Florida to Texas, north to New 

 Jersey, West Virginia, Missouri, and Oklahoma (Fig. 283 ). 



LIGUSTRUM L. (Oleaceae) 



Deciduous shrubs. Twigs slender, rounded; pith moderate, 

 white, continuous. Buds solitary or superposed, sessile, ovoid, 

 small, with 2 or 3 pairs of scales. Leaf-scars opposite, crescent- 

 shaped or elliptical, small; bundle-trace 1; stipule-scars none. 



1. L. vulgare L. Privet. Deciduous shrub (half-evergreen, 

 i. e. , holding its foliage into the winter, but dropping it before 

 spring) to 5 m. high; twigs minutely puberulous; bud-scales acute; 

 leaf-scars elliptical. Introduced from Europe, escaped from culti- 

 vation and somewhat naturalized (Fig. 284 ). 



SOLANUM L. (Solanaceae) 



Deciduous soft-wooded climbers (also herbs). Twigs slender, 

 terete or angled; pith rather large, porous. Buds moderate, soli- 

 tary, sessile, sub-globose. Leaf-scars alternate, half-round; 

 bundle-trace 1, relatively large; stipule-scars none. Panicle- 

 vestiges with dried berries persistent into winter. 



1. S. dulcamara L. Bittersweet. Stems climbing or scram- 

 bling, up to 3 m. long, olivaceous, pubescent to glabrate, flexuous, 

 branching. Introduced from Europe, escaped from cultivation and 

 naturalized (Fig. 285). 



LYCIUM L. (Solanaceae) 



Spreading or scrambling spiny deciduous shrubs. Twigs slen- 

 der, 5-angled, glabrous, often whitish or with short striations; 

 pith moderate, spongy. Buds small and inconspicuously multiple, 

 subglobose, indistinctly scaly. Leaf -scars alternate, crescent- 

 shaped, small; bundle-trace 1; stipule-scars lacking. 



