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RESEARCHES ON FUNGI 



B, pp. 69 and 204), one gains the impression that the basal swelhng 

 is terminal, whereas, if two apophyses have been developed (Figs. 80, 



Fig. 9U. — Pilobolus umbonatus. Variations in tlie basal swelling and its apophyses. 

 Fruit-bodies removed from a horse-dung culture and examined in water. 

 Outlines made with the help of the camera lucida ; protoplasm added semi- 

 diagrammatically. In all the drawings : a is an apophysis ; b, a basal swelling ; 

 and c, part of the stipe of a fruit-body. A : the basal swelling is evidently 

 intercalary ; there are two apophy.ses. B : a much larger basal swelling, 

 again evidently intercalary ; the apopliy.sis at d is smaller and less typical 

 than that at a. C : the basal swelling lias only one apophj'sis, a ; it is not 

 terminal bvit intercalary, as it and its apophysis were developed from a local 

 enlargement on the hypha d e. D : a basal swelling with one apophysis ; it 

 is apparently terminal, but at e a slender continuation of the hypha d may 

 have been torn away in removing the basal swelling from the sul)stratum ; if 

 such a continuation existed, the basal swelling nuist have dexelojied in an 

 intercalary manner ; at / and g are two hyphae with club-shaped ends which 

 possibly might have given rise to truly terminal basal swellings. E : a slightly 

 elongated basal swelling without airy typical apo]ihysos ; it is possible that a 

 continuation of the hypha a was broken away at e when tlie fruit-body was 

 removed from the substratum ; if such a continuation existed, the basal 

 swelling was intercalary and not terminal in its mode of origin. F : a basal 

 swelling with three apophyses. C. : two basal swellings which have arisen 

 on the same main hypha, d e f ; each has a single apophysis on one side of it 

 and an imswollen part of the main hypha on the other side. Drawn by A. H. R. 

 Duller and E. S. Dowding. INIagnification, 62. 



D, and 90, A and B ; also Fig. 101. G). one readily perceives that 

 the basal swelling at its origin was intercalary. Although most 



