THE PERENNIAL PSEUDORHIZA 375 



Collybia fusipes, whose clustered fruit-bodies are so often seen 

 over the roots of Beeches and Oaks in Europe and England, seems 

 to be somewhat rare in North America. Mcllvaine and Macadam ^ 

 state that in the West Virginia mountains it is frequent, but it is 

 not recorded as occurring in North America by such experienced 

 mycologists as Atkinson, 2 Kauffman,^ and Murrill.* Dr. R. E. Stone 

 has informed me that he saw fruit-bodies of C. fusipes under a 

 Beech {Fagus grandifolia) at Guelph, Ontario, in 1920 ; but Giissow 

 and Odell ^ do not mention C. fusipes in their account of the mush- 

 rooms and toadstools of eastern Canada. My colleague Dr. G. R. 

 Bisby ^ and I have never found C. fusipes in central Canada.' All 

 of the aiithor's observations on C. fusipes, about to be recorded, 

 were made in England. 



Historical Remarks. — Bulliard,^ as shown by the illustration 

 in his Plate 106, appears to have found the fruit-bodies in a cluster 

 attached to something looking like a small sclerotium. In 1843, 

 Leveille,^ in his Memoire sur le genre Sclerotium, called attention to 

 Bulliard's illustration and gave the following account of the sup- 

 posed sclerotium and of the origin of the fruit-bodies. " Agaricus 

 fusipes Bull, grows in summer and autumn at the foot of trees, 

 sometimes in groups and sometimes solitarily. Its structure is 

 most curious. It is remarkable for its fusiform stipe deeply buried 

 in the earth. Bulliard (PI. 106) appears to have found it on a 

 sclerotium : this is a supposition ; but, as we have met with it 



^ C. Mf] lvalue and R. K. Macadam, Owe Thousand American Fiuigi, Indianapolis, 

 1902, p. 116, Plate XXIX, A, No. 4. 



2 G. F. Atkinson, Studies of American Fungi. Mushroov},'^, edible, poisoiious, 

 etc., Ithaca, U.S.A., IfiOO. 



^ C. H. Kauffman, The Agaricaceae of Micltigan, Lansing, IT.S.A., 1918. 



■* W. A. IMurrill, in "The Agaricaceae," North American Flora, Vol. IX, 1910, 

 p. 375 ; also Edible and Poisonous Mushrooms, New York, 191G. 



^ H. T. CUissoAV and W. S. Odell, Mttshrooms and Toadstools, an Account of the 

 more Common Edible and Poisonous Fungi of Canada, Ottawa, 1927. 



® G. R. Bisby, A. H. R. Buller, and J. Dearness, The Funcji of Manitoba, London, 

 1929, p. 32. 



^ It is possible that Colhjbia fusipes does not occur in Japan, as it is not mentioned 

 in Shirai and Hara's ^4 List of Japanese Fungi, 1927. 



8 P. Bulliard, Herbier de la France, Paris, 1782, Plate CVI. 



^ J. H. Leveille, " ■Memoire sur le genre Sclerotium," .4?i?j. (Sri. iVa<., ser. 2, T. XX, 

 1843, pp. 228-229. 



