OLACACEAE • AQUIFOLIACEAE 165 



Family 30. OLACACEAE. K4-6, C4-6, A8-12, G2-5 



* ViLLARESiA MUCRONATA. 6o. June. E. Branchlets ribbed, downy. Ls. 

 alternate, ov., 3^, leathery, dark glossy green, heart-shaped base, hairless, spiny 

 on young trees, stalk very short. Fls. small, yellowish white, K5, C5, in panicles 

 of densely crowded clusters. Chile. (Fig. 84 G.) 



Family 31. AQUIFOLIACEAE. K4, C4, A4, G (4) 

 ILEX. Ls. alternate. Fls. small, usually in small axillary clusters. Fruit a berry. 



{a) Ls. evergreen, leathery 



I. Aquifolhifn. Common Holly. 80. May. E. Trunk and branches green. 

 Ls. ov., 3, glossy, hairless, spine-tipped and often with large spiny teeth 

 and wavy margins. Fls. |, greenish white, in few-flowered axillary clus- 

 ters, often unisexual, sexes usually on different plants. Berry I, red, 

 remaining on tree through winter. Europe (including Britain). (Figs. 

 85 A and 117 A.) 



A large number of varieties in cultivation, many with variegated leaves. 



/. dipyrena. Himalayan Holly. 40. May. Branchlets angular. Ls. lane, 5, 

 entire or with short marginal spines, dull green above, very shortly 

 stalked. Fls. |, white, in axillary clusters, unisexual. Berry |, red. 

 Himalaya. (Fig. 84 k.) 



/. glabra {Prims glaher). Inkberry. 6. July. Branchlets angular. Ls. obov., 

 oblanc, i|, toothed near apex, dark glossy green above, hairless. Berry 

 black. East United States. (Fig. 84 h.) 



* /. insignis. 30. May. Branchlets stout, silver-grey, lustrous. Ls. lane, 9, 

 spiny or vaguely toothed, dull dark green above with prominent midrib, 

 prorninently veined below, stalk purplish. Berry red. East Himalaya. 

 (Fig. 85 E.) 



/. Integra. 30. June. E. Branchlets angular. Ls. ov., 4, entire, blunt-ended, 

 dark glossy green above, pale green below. Berry |, red. Japan. 



/. latifolia. Tarajo. 50. June. Branchlets very stout, angular, hairless. 

 Ls. oblong, lane, 8, shallowly toothed. Berry red. Japan. (Fig. 85 c.) 



/. opaca. American Holly. 40. June. Like common holly, but veins con- 

 spicuous on lower side and 1. -stalk grooved. Berry red, solitary. East 

 United States. 



/. Pernyi. 30. May. Branches stiff and densely covered with Is. Ls. ov., 2, 

 dark glossy green, with a few spines on each side. Fls. pale yellow, in 

 dense stalkless clusters. Berry red. China. (Fig. 85 b.) 



(b) Ls. deciduous, thin 



I. verticillata {Prinos canadensis). Winter Berry, Black Alder. 10. June-July. 

 Ls. ov., lane, 3, shallowly and often double-toothed, downy below, 

 prominently veined. Berry red. North America. (Fig. 84 j.) 



Nemopanthus MUCRONATA (Ilex CANADENSIS). Mountain Holly. 10. May. D. 

 Branches slender, hairless. Ls. alternate, ov., 1 1, bright green turning yellow, entire 

 or slightly toothed, slender-stalked. Berry dull red. Canada. (Fig. 85 d.) 



