RHAMNACEAE • AMPELIDACEAE 169 



HovENiA DULCis. Japanese Raisin Tree. 30. June-August. D. Ls. alternate, 

 broadly ov., 6, 3 -nerved at base, coarsely toothed, unequal-sided at base, hairless, 

 long-stalked. Fls. |, greenish, in branched clusters. Fruit J, fleshy, edible. India, 

 China, and Japan. (Fig. 86 h.) 



Paliurus Spina-Christi (P. ACULEATUS, P. AUSTRALis). Christ's Thorn. 20. 

 July. D. Ls. alternate, ov., i|, 3-nerved at base, minutely toothed or entire, 

 slender-stalked, in two opposite rows ; two unequal thorns at base of each 1. Fls. 

 small, greenish white, in axillary clusters on new wood. Fruit dry, winged. South 

 Europe. (Fig. 87 F.) 



* PoMADERRis ELLiPTiCA. 8. May. E. Branchlets and underside of Is. covered 

 with grey or tawny wool. Ls. alternate, ov., 3, entire, prominently veined below. 

 Fls. I, yellow, in terminal panicles. Fruit a small capsule. New Zealand. (Fig. 86 j.) 



RHAMNUS. Branches often with thorns. Ls. usually alternate. Fls. small, 

 greenish yellow or white, in axillary clusters or racemes. Fruit a black berry. 



(a) Ls. with numerous parallel veins 



R. crenata. 10. June. D. Young shoots with rusty down. Ls. alternate, ov., 



lane, 4, minutely toothed, 7-12 pairs parallel veins. Japan. (Fig. 87 D.) 

 R. Frangula. Berry-bearing Alder, Alder Buckthorn. 18. June. D. Young 



branchlets spotted. Ls. alternate, ov., 3, entire, 8-9 pairs parallel veins. 



Europe (including Britain). (Fig. 117 D.) 



Variety asplenii folia. Ls. linear, margins wavy. 

 R. imeritina. lo. June. D. Branchlets stout. Ls. ov,, oblong, lo, minutely 



toothed, dark green above, downy below, 15-30 pairs parallel veins. 



West Caucasus. (Fig. 87 e.) 

 R. Purshiana. Cascara Sagrada. 50. May-June. D. Young shoots very 



downy. Ls. ov., oblong, 5, minutely toothed, 10-15 pairs parallel veins. 



California. (Fig. 87 c.) 



{b) Ls. without numerous parallel veins, often 

 ^-nerved at base 



R. Alaterniis. 12. March-April. E. Ls. alternate, ov., 2, tapered at both ends, 

 toothed, dark glossy green. South-west Europe. (Fig. 87 a.) 

 Variety angustifolia. Ls. lane. (Fig. 87 B.) 

 Variety variegata. Ls. with white margin. 

 R. cathartica. Common Buckthorn. 20. May-June. D. Branchlets hairless, 

 often ending in spine. Ls. opposite or sub-opposite, ov., 2^, toothed, 

 slender-stalked. Europe (including Britain). (Fig. 54 J.) 



ZiZYPHUS SATiVA (Z. VULGARIS). Jujube. 30. June. D. Like Paliurus, but fruit 

 an edible berry. South-east Europe to India. (Fig. 87 G.) 



Family 35. AMPELIDACEAE. K (4-5), C4-5, A4-5, G (2) 



VITIS. Climbing by tendrils or suckers. Ls. alternate, digitate or pinnate, or 

 palmately lobed or veined, coarsely toothed, pointed. Fls. small, in branched 

 clusters or panicles which are usually opposite a 1. Fruit a berry. 



