PINACEAE 289 



ABIES — continued 



greyish white or greyish green; branches whorled in young trees, main branchlets 

 opposite. Ls. ahernate, Hnear, generally with two white bands below; spirally 

 arranged on leading shoots, usually 2-ranked on older ones; leave round scars 

 when they fall. Male catkins drooping; female erect, egg-shaped. Cones woody, 

 erect, the scales dropping off leaving central axis on branch. 



{a) Ls. all radially arranged 



A. cephalonica. Grecian Fir. 100. Ls. i, flattened, long- and sharp-pointed. 

 Cone cylindrical, 6 X 1 1, bracts protruding and bent downwards. 

 Mountains of Greece. 



A. Pinsapo. Spanish Fir. 100. Ls. |, short-pointed or blunt. Cone cylin- 

 drical, 5 X 1 1, bracts not protruding. Mountains of Spain. (Fig. 41 M.) 

 Variety glaiica. Ls. blue-grey. 

 Variety pendula. Branches drooping. 



(b) Ls. in two approximately horizontal rows 



A. bracteata {A. venusta). Santa Lucia Fir. 150. Buds spindle-shaped, light 

 brown, not resinous. Ls, 2 or more, rigid, sharp-pointed. Cone 4x2, 

 egg-shaped, purplish brown, bracts spine-tipped. California. (Fig. 41 L.) 



A. grandis. Giant Fir. 250. Branchlets hairless, olive-green; buds small, 

 resinous. Ls. 2, glossy green, blunt-ended, not grooved above. Cone 

 4x2, cyhndrical, bright green. West North America. (Fig. 41 n.) 



A. Lowiana. 200. Ls. 2, bluish- or greyish-green, grooved above. South 

 Oregon to California. 



A. pectinata {A. alba). Common Silver Fir. 120, Branchlets grey, downy; 

 buds not resinous. Ls. i, glossy green. Cone 6x2, reddish brown. 

 Europe. (Fig. 42 a.) 



A. sibirica. Siberian Fir. 100. Like A. pectinata, but buds resinous and Is. 

 directed forwards. Cone 3, with toothed scales. North Asia. 

 Variety nephrokpis. Ls. and cones smaller. 



(c) Ls. in two rows with V-shaped trough between 



A. balsamea. Balsam Fir. 60. Branchlets grey, smooth, with scattered hairs; 



buds small, egg-shaped or round, resinous, Ls, i, shghtly notched at 



apex, grey below. Cone 3x1, dark purple or olive-green, Canada, 



(Fig. 42 B.) 

 A. brachyphylla {A. homolepis). Nikko Fir. 100. Branchlets grey, deeply 



grooved; buds egg-shaped or round, resinous, Ls, i, slightly notched at 



apex, white below. Cone 4 X 1 1, bracts hidden, Japan. (Fig. 42 c.) 

 A. cilicica. See under {d). 

 A. Delavayi. 100. Branchlets reddish brown; buds round, resinous. Ls. i, 



curved, grey below, margins recurved. Cone 2^xf, purplish black. 



China. 

 A.firma. 120, Ls. i, pale green below (white bands indistinct). Cone 5x2, 



bracts protruding. Japan. (Fig. 42 D.) 

 A. Forrestii. 65, Branchlets reddish brown; buds small, egg-shaped, resinous. 



Ls, 2, notched at apex, white below. Cone 3^ X i|, dark blue. China. 

 A. Nordmanniana. See under {d). 

 u 



