ADDER'S-TONGUE FAMILY 



3 



1. Botrychium simplex Hitchc. 

 Little Grape-fern. Fig. 3. 



Botrychium simplex Hitchc. Am. Journ. Sci. 6: 103. pi. 8. 1823. 



Plants slender, 3-20 cm. high, the rhizome usually short 

 and slender, with numerous roots ; fronds erect, 2.5-18 cm. 

 long, the common stalk short, usually at least half hypo- 

 gean ; sterile blade (straight or slightly bent in vernation) 

 distinctly stalked (0.5-2.5 cm.), orbicular, rounded-deltoid, 

 or deltoid-ovate. 1-5 cm. long, 0.5-2.5 cm. broad, entire or 

 incised, or pinnately divided with entire or radially iiicised, 

 cuneate or flabelliform segments, or in luxuriant specimens 

 the blades often ternately divided, the divisions pinnately 

 divided, with incised segments; sporophyll (erect in verna- 

 tion) long-stalked, usually two-thirds the height of the 

 plant, 2-15 cm. long, simple to 2-pinnate, lax. 



Grassy meadows and open slopes, chiefly in the Transition Zone; 

 British Columbia to southern California and Nevada, and in the 

 Rocky Mountains to Colorado, east to Quebec and Xew England; 

 also in Europe. Type locality: Conway, Massachusetts. 



2. Botrychium pumicola Coville. 



Oregon Moonwort. 



Fig. 4. 



Botrychium pumicola Coville in Underw. Nat. Ferns ed. 6, 69. 1900. 

 Plants stout, flesh}-, 8-22 cm. high, the rhizome erect, 

 stout, elongate (2-8 cm. long), copiously radicose ; fronds 

 one or sometimes two, erect, 6-14 cm. long, the common 

 stalk hypogean, 4-9 cm. long, thickly sheathed with the 

 stems of old fronds; sterile blade (the apex bent down in 

 vernation) strongly glaucous, sessile, triangular, 2-A cm. 

 long, 1.5^ cm. broad, ternately divided, the middle division 

 the largest, broadly oblong to rounded-deltoid, the lateral 

 ones similar or rhombic-oblong, all pinnately parted, the 

 segments closely imbricate, sublunate to flabelliforrn, 

 broadly crenate to incised, or the larger ones radially cleft 

 into cuneiform lobes; sporophyll with the tip recurved in 

 vernation, sessile or short-stalked, equalling or surpassing 

 the sterile blade. 



Fine pumice gravel of open slopes, Hudsonian Zone; Crater Lake 

 National Park, Oregon, altitude about 2500 meters, the type locality. 



3. Botrychium lunaria (L.) Swartz. 

 ]\Ioon\vort. 



Fig. 



Osmunda lunaria L. Sp. PI. 1064. 1753. 



Botrychium lunaria Swartz, Journ. Bot. Schrad. 

 1801. 



1800-: 110. 



Plants usually stout. 4-30 cm. high, the rhizome erect, 

 rather slender; fronds erect, the common stalk mostly 

 epigean, 3-14 cm. long; sterile blade (the tip bent down 

 and clasping the sporophyll in vernation), sessile or 

 nearly so, oblong to triangular-oblong, rounded at the 

 apex, 1-12 cm. long, 1-5 cm. broad, once pinnately 

 divided, the segments usually close or even imbricate, 

 flabelliform to lunate or reniform, excised at the base 

 below, the outer margins subentire to radially incised, 

 or sometimes cleft into cuneiform lobes ; sporophyll 

 straight or with the apex decurved in vernation, at 

 maturity usually surpassing the sterile blade, 2-16 cm. 

 long, the panicle stoutish, 1-3-pinnate. 



Moist meadows and open fields. Boreal region; Alaska to 

 Labrador and Newfoundland, southward to Vermont, Michigan, 

 Minnesota and in the mountains to Colorado and southern Cali- 

 fornia. Type locality, European. 



