OPHIOGLOSSACEAE 



4. Botrychium lanceolatum (S. G. Gmel.) Angstr. 

 Lance-leaved Grape-fern. Fig. 6. 



Osmunda lanceolata S. G. Gmel. Nov. Comm. Acad. Sci. Petrop. 12: 



516. 1768. 

 Botrychium lanceolatum Angstr. Bot. Not. 1854: 68. 1854. 



Plants rather stout, 5-30 cm. high, the rhizome erect; 

 fronds erect, the common stalk mostly epigean, 3-25 cm. 

 long; sterile blade (wholly bent down in vernation) sessile, 

 triangular (usually broadly so), acute, 1-6 cm. long, 1-8 

 cm. broad, once or twice pinnately divided, the larger pri- 

 mary divisions linear-lanceolate to oblong, or the basal ones 

 oblong-ovate to triangular or triangular-lanceolate, acute, 

 often inequilateral (extended below) ; lesser divisions 

 oblique, variable, the segments oblong or ovate to linear- 

 lanceolate, blunt or acutish, subentire to obliquely incised; 

 sporophyll entirely bent down in vernation, stout, at ma- 

 turity equalling or slightly exceeding the sterile blade, 

 sessile or short-stalked, 1^-pinnate, diffuse, the larger 

 divisions ascending and often subequal. 



Grassy, often rocky slopes, Arctic- Alpine Zone; Alaska to Wash- 

 ington, Colorado, and Quebec. Type locality, European. 



5. Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. 

 Virginia Grape-fern. Fig. 7. 



Osmuuda virginiana L. Sp. PI. 1064. 1753. 

 Botrychium lirginianum Swartz, Journ. Bot. Sclirad. 

 1800=: 111. 1801. 



Plants 10-75 cm. high, erect, the common 

 stalk slender, almost wholly epigean, compris- 

 ing one-half to two-thirds the length of the 

 plant ; bud pilose, both the sporophyll and 

 blade wholly bent down; sterile blade deltoid, 

 spreading, sessile. 5-40 cm. broad, nearly as 

 long, ternate, the short-stalked primary divi- 

 sions 1-2-pinnate ; segments numerous, inem- 

 branous, variable in color and dissection, the 

 ultimate ones mostly oblong, blunt, and 

 toothed at apex ; sporophyll long-stalked, pani- 

 cles 2-3-pinnate, usually with slender divisions. 



Moist rich woods, chiefly in the Transition Zone; 

 British Columbia to Labrador, southward to Oregon 

 and nearly throughout the United States; also in 

 Mexico and Eurasia. Type locality: Virginia. The 

 Pacific Coast plants are var. occidentale Butters and 

 var. europaeum Angstr., distinguished largely upon 

 characters of the sporangia. 



6. Botrychium silaifolium Presl. 

 Leathery Grape-fern. Fig. 8. 



Botrychium silaifolium Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 76. 1825. 

 Botrychium occidentale Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 

 25: 538. 1898. 



Rhizome short, with numerous long, thick, 

 strongly corrugated roots ; fronds 1 or 2, 20-50 

 cm. long, fleshy, coriaceous in drying; bud 

 silky-pubescent ; common stalk short and stout, 

 entirely hypogean ; sterile blade long-stalked, 

 liroadly triangular or pentagonal, 10-30 cm. 

 1)road, nearly as long, subternately compound, 

 the larger pinnae 2 or 3 times pinnately di- 

 vided, the basal pair large and nearly 3-pin- 

 nate, subpentagonal, the ultimate lateral seg- 

 ments oval or ovate to obovate, cuneate. 

 adnate or decurrent, with irregularly crenulate 

 margins, the terminal segments larger, rhom- 

 bic; sporophyll long-stalked, stout, 15-45 cm. 

 long, the panicle 2-5-pinnate, very diffuse. 



Moist meadows and borders of woods, Boreal 

 Zones; Alaska to northern California, east to Wis- 

 consin and northern New England. Type locality: 

 Nootka Sound, British Columbia. 



