FERN FAAIILY 



29 



11, Cheilanthes clevelandii D. C. Eaton. 

 Cleveland's Lip-fern. Fig. S7. 



Cheilanthes clevelandii D. C. Eaton, Bull. Torrey Club 6: 33. 1875. 



Rhizome creeping, woody, slender, with a few short 

 branches, closely imbricate-paleaceous; scales subulate to 

 lance-attenuate, hair-pointed, 2.5-3 mm. long, bright to dark 

 brown, glossy. Fronds erect, 1 cm. or less apart, 15-50 cm. 

 long ; stipes stout, 7-24 cm. long, light brown, with a few 

 minute, linear, pale scales; blades linear-lanceolate to deltoid- 

 oblong, acuminate, 7-26 cm. long, 3-pinnate or nearly 4-pinnate ; 

 pinnae ascending, falcate, narrowly deltoid to deltoid-oblong, 

 or the lower ones deltoid; rachises and segments densely 



paleaceous beneath, the scales small, imbricate, castaneous, i^^'rli 



with the slender divisions of the rachis scales partly overlying 



them ; sporangia numerous, borne partly within the narrowly 



revolute border of the segments nearly to the base ; leaf tissue 



spongiose-herbaceous, dull green. 



Bases of sheltering rocks, Upper Sonoran Zone; San Diego, River- 

 side, and Santa Barbara Counties, California; also on Santa Cruz Island, 

 California. Type locality: San Diego County, California. 



15. PELLAEA Link. Fil. Hort. Berol. 59. 184L 



Rather small, rigid, rock-inhabiting plants, with stout and nodose or slender and wide- 

 creeping rhizomes and erect, nearly naked, and glabrous foliage. Fronds uniform or nearly 

 so, the blades 1-4-pinnate, the rachises usually dark colored and lustrous, the segments 

 roundish-oval to linear, minute to large, more or less distinctly articulate; veins free, 

 branched, not thickened at the immersed tips. Sori terminal and subterminal, or sometimes 

 decurrent upon the veins, at length laterally confluent in a broad intramarginal line, nearly 

 or (rarely) not at all concealed by the widely reflexed or revolute, continuous, indusiforrn 

 margin, the border often modified, thinnish or even membranous. [Name Greek, alluding to 

 the dark-colored stipes.] 



About 70 species, mainly of temperate regions. Nine species besides the following occur in the United 

 States. Type species, Pteris atropurpnrea L. 

 Blades once pinnate, or the lower pinnae ternately divided. 



Pinnae mostly 2-parted, "mitten-shaped," membranous, the veins evident; stipes corrugate, easily breaking. 



1. P. breweri. 

 Pinnae simple or ternately divided, coriaceous, the veins immersed; stipes not wrinkled. 



Sporangia conspicuously intramarginal, long-decurrent on the veins, not concealed; pinnae oval to 



cordate-oblong, invariably simple, the fertile ones mostly conduplicate. 2. P. bridgesii. 



Sporangia nearer the margin, not long-decurrent, mostly concealed; pinnae mostly simple and linear, 

 plane, the lower ones commonly 3-cleft or 3-divided. 3. P. siiksdorfiana. 



Blades 2-4-pinnate. 



Rhizomes very slender, wide-creeping, with imbricate-secund scales; stipe and rachises flesh-colored; seg- 

 ments obtuse, usually retuse. 4. P. andromedaefolia. 

 Rhizomes stout, nodose, massive, with densely tufted scales; vascular parts dark or purplish brown; seg- 

 ments mucronulate to rigidly apiculate. 

 Blades 2-pinnate, the secondary pinnae (segments) usually simple. 



Rachis of primary pinnae several times as long as the segments. 5. P. comt>acta. 



Rachis of primary pinnae rarely as long as the segments. 6. P. brachyptera. 



Blades 2-3-pinnate, the secondary pinnae usually 3-parted, 3-divided, or pinnate. 7. P. mucronata. 



1. Pellaea breweri D. C. Eaton. 

 Brewer's Clifif-brake. Fig. 58. 



Pellaea brczi'eri D. C. Eaton, Proc. Am. Acad. 6: 555. 1S65. 



Rhizomes ascending or decumbent, massive, covered with the 

 erect crowded stipe-bases of old fronds; scales densely tufted, 

 light castaneous or dark cinnamomeous, almost capillary, 7-10 

 mm. long, concolorous, thin, lax, twisted. Fronds erect from an 

 arcuate base, crowded, 7-21 cm. long ; stipes 3-10 cm. long, stout, 

 bright brown, glossy, naked above the base, transversely corru- 

 gate, readily fracturing; blades linear to linear-oblong, acute, 

 4-16 cm. long, 1.5-3.5 cm. broad, pinnate, glabrous; pinnae 6-12 

 pairs, mostly 2-parted (the upper lobe the larger), the lobes and 

 simple upper pinnae ovate or deltoid-ovate to oblong-lanceolate 

 from a cuneate to subcordate base, acute or acutish, flat; spo- 

 rangia terminal and subterminal, confluent, nearly concealed by 

 the thin, whitish, broadly reflexed margin ; leaf tissue light green, 

 subglaucous, membranous, the veins usually apparent. 



Exposed rocky slopes and clefts of rocks, usually granite. Transition and 

 Canadian Zones: the Sierra Nevada, California, to southern Washington, 

 eastward to Utah, western Wyoming, and Idaho. Type locality: Sierra 

 Nevada, California. 



