PINE FAMILY 



55 



6. Pinus aristata Engelm. 



Bristle-cone Pine. 



Fig. 117. 



Pinus aristata Engelm. Am. Journ. Sci. II. 34: 331. 1862. 



PiiiKS balfouriana aristata Engelm. in Wheeler Rep. 6: 375. 



1878. 



A small, usually bushy, tree, or occasionally with 

 a trunk 15-20 m. high and 6-9 dm. in diameter ; 

 branches short, stout ; bark on old trunks 1-2 cm. 

 thick, reddish brown, divided into flat, irregular 

 ridges, with closely appressed scales. Leaves 25-35 

 mm. long, stout or slender, dark green and shiny 

 on the back, whitish on the inner surfaces ; staminate 

 flowers oval. 10-12 mm. long ; cones horizontal or 

 somewhat pendent, nearly sessile, ovoid, 7-9 cm. 

 long, dark purplish brown, their scales thickened and 

 ridged, armed with a slender incurved prickle, 6 

 mm. long; seeds light brown, mottled with black, 

 8 mm. long and 6 mm. wide. 



A subalpine tree, Canadian Zone; extending from Colorado 

 through southern Utah, central and' southern Nevada and 

 northern Arizona to the Panamint Mountains, California. 

 Type locality: mountains near Clear Creek (Colorado), 9,000- 

 10,000 feet altitude. 



7. Pinus quadrifolia Parry. Parry's Piiion or Nut Pine. Fig. 118. 



Pinus parrxana Engelm. Am. Journ. Sci. II. 34: 3Z2. 



1862, not Gord. 1858. 

 Pinus quadrifolia Parry; Pari, in DC. Prod. 16-: 402. 



1868, as a synonym. 

 Pinus quadrifolia Parry; Sudw. U. S. Div. Forest. Bull. 



14: 17. 1897. 



A small tree 10-15 m. high with a trunk 5 dm. 

 in diameter ; branches spreading, forming a 

 pyramidal or, in age, a flat-topped crown ; 

 branchlets soft, pubescent when young ; bark 

 dark brown, shallowly divided into broad con- 

 nected ridges, covered b\' appressed scales. 

 Leaves 1-5, generally 4, in a cluster, incurved, 

 25-35 mm. long, pale blue-green on the back, 

 marked by many conspicuous rows of stomata 

 on the inner surfaces ; staminate flowers oval, 6 

 mm. long, cones subglobose. 35-50 mm. long, 

 brown ; apex of the scale much thickened, keeled 

 and with a ridged knob; seeds 15 mm. long, their 

 wings 3 mm. high. 



Dry mountain slopes of the Upper Sonoran Zone; 

 desert slopes of the Santa Rosa Mountains, Riverside 

 County, California, southward to San Pedro Martir 

 Mountain, Lower California. The large, nut-like seeds 

 are an important food article of the Indians of Lower 

 California. Type locality: near Mountain Springs, San 

 Diego County, California. 



8. Pinus monophylla Terr. & Frem. One-leaved Piiion or Nut Pine. 



Fig. 



119. 



Pinus monophvlla Torr. &: Frem. in Frem. Second Reji. 319, 



pl. 4. 1845. 

 Pinus frcmontiana Endl. Syn. Conif. 183. 1847. 

 Pinus cdulis inouophvila Torr. in Ives Rep., 28. pl. 4. 1860. 

 Carvopitvs monophvlla Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 397. 



"1905. 



A low tree usually with a branched trunk, 5-15 

 m. high, in old age, forming a flat-topped, often 

 picturesque, crown ; bark 2 cm. thick, divided into 

 narrow, flat ridges. Leaves only 1 or sometimes 

 2 in a cluster^ stout, stiff, incurved, 25-35 mm. long, 

 gray-green ; staminate flowers 6 mm. long ; cones 

 broadly ovoid or subglobose, 35-55 mm. long, 

 brown, their scales thick, concave, 4-sided, knobbed 

 at apex; seeds 15 mm. long, their wings 8-12 mm. 

 high. 



Dry, gravelly slopes in the Upper Sonoran Zone; west- 

 ern slopes of the Wasatch Mountains. Utah, to the eastern 

 slopes of the southern Sierra Nevada, California, southward 

 on the desert slopes to northern Lower California and 

 northern Arizona, usually forming a belt just above tl:e 

 Jiinijier belt. The seeds are extensively gathered by the 

 Indians for food. Type locality: not indicated. 



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