WATER-PLANTAIN FAMILY 



101 



A genus of approximately 40 species, native of temperate and tropical regions, but i)rincipally American. 

 Type species, Sagittaria sagittifolia L. 



Sepals of the pistillate flowers ultimately lax or reflexed, not accrescent; filaments glaljrous. 

 Fruiting pedicels slender, ascending; leaves with basal lobes. 



Achenes with a conspicuous dorsal wing prominently long-beaked, the beak horizuntal. 



1. .?. lati folia. 



Achenes minutely or inconspicuously beaked, about equally winged on both faces. 



Beak erect; the sides of the achene not winged. 2. S. cnneafa. 



Beak horizontal; the sides of the achene with a jirominent wing-margined depression. 



3. 5". greggii. 



Fruiting pedicels stout and recurved in fruit; leaves without basal lobes. 4. 5'. sanfordii. 



Sepals of the pistillate flowers accrescent and ultimately appressed to the heads; fruiting i)edicels stout and 

 recurved; filaments glandular-pubescent. S. S. montevidensis. 



\. Sagittaria latifolia Willd. 

 Broad-leaved Arrow-liead. r'ig-. 212. 



Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 409. 1806. 

 Sagittaria variabilis Engelm. in A. Gray, Man. 461. 1848. 

 Sagittaria sagittifolia si7iei2sis Brand. Zoe 4: 217. 1893, not 



5". sinensis Sims. 1833. 

 Sagittaria csailcnta Howell. Fl. N\V. Am. 679. 1903. 



Plants partially or wholly emersed, 2-14 din. tall. 

 Leaves variable, 10-40 cm. long, the terminal lobe 

 deltoid or ovate to linear ; scape erect, angled, stout 

 or slender ; bracts ovate, mostly less than 1 cm. long, 

 glabrous, acute or obtusish ; whorls of the inflores- 

 cence mosth' distant; fruiting heads 1.5-3 cm. in diam- 

 eter; achenes obovate, usually broadly so, about 3 mm. 

 long, broadly winged, especially at the top, the beak 

 horizontal or nearly so. 



Shallow water in streams and on margins of lakes. Boreal 

 and Austral Zones; British Columbia to southern California, 

 Atlantic States and Mexico. The tubers are eaten by the In- 

 dians and known to them as Wappato. In California, where it 

 grows abundantly on the islands of the lower Sacramento and 

 San Joaquin Rivers, it is known as Tule Potato, and is eaten 

 by the Chinese, who also frequently cultivate it. 



2. Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon. 

 Arum-leaved Arrow-head. Fig. 213. 



Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon, Bull. Torrey Club 20: 283. 1893. 

 Sagittaria arifolia Nutt.; J. G. Smith, Rep. Mo. Bot. 6: 32. 1894. 

 Sagittaria paniculata Blankinship, Mont. Agr. Coll. Sci. Stud. 1: 

 40. 1905. 



Plants emersed and commonly 2-4 dm. tall, or sub- 

 merged and varying in height with the depth of the water. 

 Leaves hastate to sagittate, 6-18 cm. long, acuminate ; phyl- 

 lodia when present short and linear-lanceolate or elongate 

 and linear-attenuate ; scapes as long as the leaves or 

 commonly shorter, weak ; whorls of the inflorescence few 

 or numerous ; sepals ovate to oblong-ovate, becoming 6-8 

 mm. long; corolla 2-2.5 cm. broad; fruiting heads 1-15 

 cm. in diameter ; achenes obovate, 2-2.5 mm. long, with 

 callous thickened wings, the beak minute, erect over the 

 ventral wing. 



Streams and ponds, Canadian Zone; Nova Scotia and Connecticut 

 to the Rocky Mountains and Pacific Coast, where it extends from 

 British Coluinl)ia to New Mexico and the San Bernardino Mountains, 

 California. Type locality: East Battle Lake, Otter Trail County, 

 Minnesota. 



