170 



POACEAE 



1. Koeleria phleoides (Vill.) Pers. 

 Bristly Koeleria. Fig. 384. 



Festuca phleoides Vill. Fl. Delph. 7. 1785. 

 Koeleria phleoides Pers. Syn. PI. 1: 97. 1805. 



Annual ; culms 15-30 cm. tall, smooth through- 

 out ; sheaths and blades sparsely pilose ; panicle 

 close and spike-like, 2-7 cm. long, obtuse ; spike- 

 lets 2-4 mm. long, glumes acute, the first nar- 

 rower ; lemmas short-awned from a bifid apex ; 

 glumes and lemmas in tlie typical form papillose- 

 hirsute on the back, but commonly papillose only. 



Introduced from Europe at several points in California 

 (Lassen Peak, Butte County, Lathrop), and found on 

 ballast near Portland, Oregon (typical form I. May. Type 

 locality, European. 



2. Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers. 

 Koeler's-grass. Fig. 385. 



Aira cristata L. Sp. PI. 63. 1753. 



Koeleria cristata Pers. Syn. PI. 1: 97. 1805. 



Koeleria cristata pubescens Vasey; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. 



Mid. Calif. 61. 1901. 

 Koeleria cristata pinetorum Abrams, Fl. Los Ang. 46. 1904. 



Perennial; culms erect, 30-60 cm. tall, glabrous 

 below, puberulent below panicle ; sheaths pubescent, 

 at least the lower; blades mostly basal, rather short; 

 panicle compact, spikelike, pointed, 5-10 cm. long, 

 often interrupted at base; spikelets 4-5 mm. long; 

 glumes and lemmas scabrous. 



Prairies in the Transition Zone; British Columbia to Cali- 

 fornia and eastward. June-July. Type locality, European. 



Koeleria cristata longifolia Vasey; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. 

 Mid. Calif. 61. 1901. Differs in being taller and in having 

 longer blades, the basal as much as 30 cm. long, and larger 

 and looser panicles. Type localitv: Santa Cruz, California. 



39. AVENA L. Sp. PI. 79. 1753. 



Spikelets two- to several-flowered, the rachilla bearded, disarticulating above the glumes 

 and between the florets ; glumes about equal, membranaceous or papery, several-nerved, 

 longer than the lower floret, usually longer than the upper floret ; lemmas indurate except 

 toward the summit, 5-9-nerved, bidentate at the apex, bearing a dorsal bent and twisted 

 awn (this straight or reduced in A. sativa). Annual or perennial low or rather tall grasses 

 with narrow or open, usually rather few-flowered panicles of usually large spikelets. [The 

 ancient Latin name.] 



Species about 55 in the temperate regions of the world, but only a few in the western hemisphere; 

 7 species in the United States, only 2 being native. Type species, Ai-ena satiia L. 



Lemmas glabrous or nearly so. 



Spikelets usually 2-flowered; awn usually wanting, or if present weakly geniculate. 2. A. satna. 

 Spikelets usually 3-flowered; awn present, strongly geniculate. la. A. Jatua glabrata. 



Lemmas pubescent with long, usually brown hairs. 



Teeth of lemmas acute, not av;ned. L A. fatiia. 



Teeth of lemmas awned. ■*• A. barbata. 



