GRASS FAMILY 



237 



1. Lolium multiflorum Lam. 

 Italian or Australian Rye-grass. Fig. 560. 



Lolium multiflorum Lam. Fl. Frang- 3: 621. 1778. 



Lolium italicum A. Br. Flora 17: 241. 1834. 



Lolium pcrennc italicum Parn. Grasses Scotl. 1': 142. fi- 65. 



1842. 

 Lolium pcrcnue multiflorum I'ani. Grass. Brit. 302. f/. 140. 



1845. 



Short-lived perennial ; culms 30-60 cm. tall, erect 

 or often decumbent at base, often rough below the 

 spike and on the convex portion of the rachis ; 

 spike as much as 30 cm. long ; spikelets as much as 

 2.5 cm. long, twice as long as glume, 10-20-flowered ; 

 lemmas 7-8 mm. long, at least the upper awned. 



Roadsides and waste places, mostly in the Coast Ranges; 

 introduced from Europe, common on the Pacific Coast and 

 frequent in the eastern States. Frequently cultivated for 

 lawns and as a meadow or pasture grass. June-Aug. Type 

 locality, European. 



2. Lolium perenne L. 

 Perennial or English Rye-grass. Fig. 561. 



Lolium pcrcnnc L. Sp. PI. 83. 1753. 



Resembling L. multiflorum, but usually more 

 delicate, with narrower blades and smaller 

 spikes ; culm and convex surface of rachis 

 smooth ; spikelets usually 8-10-llowered, but not 

 much exceeding the glume ; lemmas smaller, 

 awnless. 



Roadsides and waste places, throughout the cooler 

 and moister portion of the United States. Introduced 

 from Europe. Sometimes cultivated as a lawn or pasture 

 grass. Rare on the Pacific Coast. Type locality, Euro- 

 pean. 



Lolium perenne cristatum (Pers.) Doell, with ovate 

 spikes, the spikelets horizontally spreading, has been 

 collected at Eola, Oregon (Nelson). 



Lolium strictum Presl, an annual with rather stiff 

 culms and spikes, the glume sliorter than the spikelet, 

 has been collected at West Berkeley (Pendleton) and 

 near Portland (on ballast, Suksdorf). 



3. Lolium temulentum L. 

 Darnel. Fig. 562. 



Lolium temulentum L. Sp. I'l. Si. 1753. 



Annual ; culms 60-90 cm. tall ; spike stout and 

 strict, 15-20 cm. long; glume about 2.5 cm. long, as 

 long or longer than the 5-7-flowered spikelet, firm, 

 pointed ; lemmas as much as 8 mm. long, obtuse, 

 awned ; awn as much as 8 mm. long. 



Fields and waste places, rather common throughout the 

 State and northward along the Pacific Coast, rare in the 

 eastern States; introduced from Europe. Apr. -June. Type 

 locality, European. 



Lolium temulentum arvense (With.) Bab. Man. Brit. Bot. 

 377. 1843; L. arvense With. Arr. Brit. PI. ed. 3. 2: 168. 

 1796. Differs in having awnless spikelets. Less common 

 than the species, introduced from Europe. 



