274 



CYPERACEAE 



13. Scirpus heterochaetus Chase. 

 Pale Great Bulrush. Fig. 658. 



Scirpus heterochaetus Chase, Rhodora 6: 70. 1904. 



Perennial by rather stout rootstocks ; culms 

 slender, sheathed below, 2 m. high or less. 

 Involucral leaf much shorter than the com- 

 pound umbel ; primary rays slender, 1 dm. 

 long or less ; bracts acuminate, glabrous ; 

 spikelets solitary, ovoid to ellipsoid, acutish; 

 8-15 mm. long, about 5 mm. thick; scales 

 ovate, glabrous, often erose-margined; style 

 3-clef t ; bristles 2-4, unequal, as long as or 

 shorter than the achene ; achene about 2 mm. 

 wide, trigonous, obovate, yellowish, shorter 

 than the scale. 



Swan Lake, Klamath County, Oregon; Idaho to 

 Nebraska, New York, Massachusetts, and Vermont. 

 Type locality: Havana, New York. 



12, Scirpus acutus Aluhl. 

 Viscid Bulrush. Fig. 657. 



Scirpus acutus Muhl.; Bigel. Fl. Bost. 15. 1814. 



Scirpus lacustris occidentatis S. ^^'ats. Bot. Calif. 2 : 



218. 1880. 



Scirpus occidcntalis Chase, Rhodora 6: 68. 1904. 



Similar to 5". validns, tall, the culms firmer 

 in texture, the margins of the basal sheaths 

 becoming fibrillose. Involucral leaf shorter 

 than the compound umbel ; primary rays 

 rather stiff ; bracts viscid at the tip ; spikelets 

 clustered in twos to sevens, or solitary, 

 oblong-cylindric, 2 cm. long or less, about 4 

 mm. thick, acute or bluntish ; scales ovate, 

 short-awned, viscid above; style 2-cleft; 

 achene biconvex, obovate, dull, nearly 2 mm. 

 wide, much shorter than the scale. 



Ponds and marshes, Sonoran and Transition 

 Zones; southern California to British Columbia, east 

 to Utah, Missouri, New York, and Newfoundland. 

 Type locality: San Diego County, California. 



14. Scirpus californicus (C. A. Meyer) 

 Britton. 



California Bulrush. Fig. 659. 



Elytrospermum calif ornicuin C. A. ]Meyer, Mem. Acad. 



St. Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 1: 201. pi.' 2. 1830. 

 Scirpus tatora Kunth, Enum. 2: 166. 1837. 

 Scirpus riparius Vves\, Rel. Haenk. 1: 193. 1830. 

 Scirpus californicus Britton, Trans. N. Y. Acad Sci. 11: 



SO. 1892. 



Perennial, tall, up to 2 m. high, the leaves 

 reduced to basal sheaths, the involucral bract 

 short and subulate. Umbel compound ; spikelets 

 6-10 mm. long, oblong, acute, stalked, or some of 

 them sessile; scales ovate, brown, the midvein 

 excurrent; bristles shorter than the achene or as 

 long, short-plumose below, barbed above ; stamens 

 2 or 3, style 2-cleft ; achene obovate, plano-convex, 

 nearly white, short-pointed, its surface cellular- 

 reticulated. 



Swamps and lagoons, Sonoran Zones; Contra Costa 

 County to southern California; east to Louisiana and 

 Florida, south to Guatemala, Peru, and Argentina. Er- 

 roneously recorded from New York. Type locality: Cali- 

 fornia. 



