SEDGE FAMILY 



283 



Bracts with blades well developed. , ,. . 



Terminal spike on many of the culms wholly pistillate; the culms largely dioecious. 



11. SCIRPINAE. 



Terminal spike staminate; culms never dioecious. 

 Pistillate spikes very many-flowered. 

 Perigynia glabrous. , . , . , , •, 



Style jointed with achene, at length withering and deciduous. 

 Lowest bract strongly sheathing. 



Rootstocks long-creeping; scales purplish-tinged. ^, , • ^ ■ 



Rootstocks not long-creeping; scales greenish to reddish brown or blackish tinged. 

 Scales greenish or light reddish-brown-tinged. 



Perigynia with beak not bidentate with stiff teeth. 



Pistillate spikes erect on stiff peduncles. 28. Laxiflorae. 



Pistillate spikes slender on slender peduncles, the lower drooping. 



29. Debiles. 

 Perigynia with beak bidentate with stiff teeth. 38. 



Scales dark reddish-brown- to blackish-tinged. 30. 



Lowest bract sheathless or very short-sheathing. 



Pistillate spikes narrowly cylindric, elongate. 32. Anomalae. 



Pistillate spikes ovoid, oblong or linear. . 



Freely long stoloniferous, not cespitose (perigynia glaucous green; pistillate spikes 



drooping). ^f LiMOSAE. 



Cespitose. 34. Atratae. 



Stvle continuous with achene, indurated and persistent. 



"Perigynia nerveless except for.marginal nerves. 3L Irachychlaenae. 



Perigynia several- to many-nerved. 



Perigynia or leaves or both pubescent. 37. Hirtae. 



Perigynia and leaves not pubescent. 



Perigynia coarsely ribbed. 40. Physocarpae. 



Perigynia finely and closely ribbed. -*1- Pseudo-cypereae. 



25. Triquetrae. 

 57. Hirtae. 



27. Paniceae. 



Extensae. 

 Frigidae. 



1. Nardin.-\e. 



Represented by one species in our range. 



1. C. hepburnii. 



2. In PLATA E. 

 Scales Lnerved; perigynia ovoid, inflated, tapering at apex; staminate part of spike scarcely conspicuous; 



achenes L25 mm. long. ^ ^ ^, , ,, u , ^- ^- ''"r/'''°"'"'; , 



Scales 3-nerved; perigynia broadly ovoid, strongly inflated, very abruptly short-beaked; staminate part ot 



spike conspicuous; achenes 2 mm. long. 



3. C. breweri. 



3. Athrochlaenae. 



Densely cespitose; leaf-blades involute, 1 mm. wide or less; staminate flowers few; perigynia erect until full 

 r„o,,,rit„ 4. C. pyrenaica. 



ShoTt^ stoloniferous; leaf-blades flat, L5 mm. wide or more; staminate flowers conspiciious; perigynia early 

 spreading or deflexed. 



Represented by one species in our range. 

 Represented by one species. 

 Represented by one species in our range. 



4. CiRCINAT.XE. 



5. Capitatae. 

 6. Foetidae. 



5. f. nigricans. 



6. C. ciycinata. 



7. C. capitata. 



8. C. vernacnla. 

 leaf-blades narrowly 



7. DiVISAE. 

 Rootstocks slender, light brownish; culms obtusely triangular, normally smooth; 

 involute. 

 Perigynia long-beaked; heads dioecious or nearly so. 

 Perigynia short-beaked; heads androgynous. 

 Rootstocks stout; culms acutely triangular, normally rough above. 



Perig>-nia chestnut, thick, the beak about one-fifth as long as the body. 



Perigynia blackish in age, the beak one-third to one-half as long as the body. ,. , . , i r * 



Scales very dark chestnut-brown, shining; perigvnia 3.5-4.S mm. long, polished, scarcely hyaline at 



apex. .1-- ^- ra"'" 



9. C. douglasii. 

 10. C. stenophylla. 



IL C. simiilata. 



Scales lighter-colored, dull; perigynia 3-4 mm. long, dull, strongly hyaline at orifice 



13. C. praegracins. 



Represented by one species in our area. 

 Represented by one species. 



8. Arenarl^e. 

 9. Macrocephalae. 



14. C. .ticcata. 



15. C". macroccphala. 



10. MUHLENBERGIANAE. 

 Densely cespitose; head ovoid; capitate; body of perigynium serrulate to the middle. . 



Rootstocks 



Scales obtuse- 

 Scales strongly 



elongate; head linear, interrupted; bodv of perigynium usually serrulate on iipper margin only, 

 btuse- to short-cuspidate, half as long as the spreading perigynia. 17. C. I'alhcola. 



trongly cuspidate, concealing the appressed perigynia. l*'- ^- tiimiiiicoia. 



11. Multiflorae. 



Scales strongly hyaline-margined; sheaths little or not at all cross-rugulose. iq r' 7 



Perigynia sharp-margined above, brownish black at maturity. 1^- ^- ."^'^\f.,.. 



Perigvnia narrowlv thin-winged to base, straw-color at maturity. -0- t. stenoptc "• 



Scales not or but little hyaline-margined; sheaths normally more or less cross-rugulose; perigynia straw- 

 color, yellowish or tawny at maturity, sharp-margined to base. , u i f ■ -.•,,,ii 

 Perigynia 3-4.5 mm. long; pistillate scales (except lowest) acute to short-awned; beak ot perigynium 

 shorter than body. . i j t 11 

 Ligule conspicuous, as long as wide; scales brownish-tinged; perigynia strongly nerved ventrauy. 

 \ 21. C. dcnsa. 



