SEDGE FAMILY 287 



32. Anomalae. 



Represented by one species in our area. 11". C. aint>lifo!ia. 



33. LiMOSAE. 



Represented by one species in our area. 118. C. linwsa. 



34. Atratae. 



Terminal spike staminate or sometimes with perigynia in the middle. 

 Basal sheaths not filamentose. 



Culms few-leaved, purplish-tinged at base, the lower culm leaves much reduced. 



Pistillate scales with midvein excurrent as a long, slender awn; perigynia finely nerved. 



119. t. macrochaeta. 

 Pistillate scales with prominent excurrent midvein; perigynia nerveless or nearly so on inner face. 



120. C. spectabilis. 

 Culms many-leaved, clothed at base with dried-up leaves of previous year, brownish-tinged at base. 



Perigynia flattened. 121. C. tolmiei. 



Perigynia round in cross-section, many-nerved. 122. C. ravnoldsii. 



Basal sheaths filamentose. 123. C. bifida. 



Terminal spike gynaecandrous, i. e., the terminal flowers pistillate. 



Culms aphyllopodic, strongly purplish-red at base, the lower sheaths filamentose. 124. C. bii.vbaumii. 

 Culms phyllopodic. 



Spikes 3-5, not oblong-cylindric; perigynia 2.S-5 mm. long, nerveless or obscurely nerved on face, dull 

 green to brownish black, the walls not papery. 

 Perigynia not papillate-roughened. 



Spikes contiguous, sessile or nearly so, forming a dense head; scales lanceolate, strongly ex- 

 ceeding perigynia; culms stiff, erect. 125. C. hclleri. 

 Lower spike or spikes peduncled, usually distant, erect or nodding; scales wider, shorter than or 

 about equaling perigynia; culms more slender. 

 Scales with midvein largely obsolete; mature perigynia 3.5-4.5 mm. long, wider on either 

 side than achene, the latter on stipe of nearly its own length; sheaths not purplish-tinged 

 ventrally. _ 126. C. epapillosa. 

 Scales with prominent midvein: mature perigynia 3.5 mm. long, narrower on either side 

 than achene, the latter much longer than its stipe; sheaths normally purplish-tinged 

 ventrally. 127. C. Iictcronenra. 

 Perigynia papillate-roughened, especially on upper margins. 



PeVigynia slightly inflated and sub-triangular, not strongly compressed at maturity. 



128. C. atrosqiiama. 

 Perigynia strongly compressed. 



Spikes contiguous, sessile or short-peduncled, forming a dense head; culms stiff, erect, 



scales black with conspicuous white-hyaline upper margins. 129. C. albo-nigra. 



Lower spike or spikes strongly peduncled, usually distant, trect or nodding; culms not stiff. 



130. C viridior. 

 Spikes 6-10, oblong-cylindric; perigynia 5 mm. long, lightly 3-nerved, light-green, the walls papery; 

 scales much shorter than perigynia. 131. C'. mertensii. 



35. AcUTAE. 



Flowering culms arising from the center of previous year's tuft of leaves and surrounded at base with dried- 

 up leaves of previous year. 

 Lower sheaths of flowering culms not breaking and becoming filamentose. 



Strongly stoloniferous, the culms arising one to few together, low; lowest bract normally much 

 shorter than inflorescence; scales with obsolete or slender midvein. 

 Dried first-year leaf-blades at base of fertile culm stiff, rigid and conspicuous, concealing the culms; 

 fertile culm leaves all blade-bearing, the lower sheaths not purplish or hispidulous dorsally. 



132. C. scopulornm. 

 Dried first-year leaf-blades at base of fertile culms much desiccated, not stiff, rigid or conspicuous, 



and not concealing the culms; lowest fertile culm leaves (of season's growth) not blade- 

 bearing, the lower sheaths purplish and more or less strongly hispidulous dorsally. 

 Lower bladeless sheaths of fertile culms (of season's growth) inconspicuous and largely hidden 

 by the old dead leaves; lower sheaths sparingly hispidulous; culms sharply triangular and 

 rough above. 

 Perigynia coriaceous, spreading, olive-green; scales very short, largely hidden by perigynia. 



133. C. accedens. 

 Perigynia membranaceous, straw-color or blackish-tinged; scales conspicuous. 



Perigynia plano-convex or slightly bi-convex, appressed-ascending. 



. . 134. C. gvmnoclada. 



Perigynia mostly deeply concave ventrally, convex dorsally, curved outwardly and 

 .spreading. 135. c. campvlocarpa. 



Lower bladeless sheaths of fertile culm (of season's growth) elongated and conspicuous; lower 

 sheaths strongly rough-hispidulous; culms narrowly wing-angled and very serrulate. 

 ,, , .„ . , 136. C. prionophxlla. 



Culms taller, less stiff, in larger clumps; lowest bract usually equaling or exceeding inflorescence; 

 scales with slender midvein or broader light-colored center. 

 Perig>-nia strongly nerved ventrally, the nerves raised. 



Perigynia coriaceous, sessile or nearly so, the beak bidentate; plants strongly stoloniferous. 



. . 137. C. ncbraskensis. 



Perigynia rnembranaceous, more or less slenderly stipitate, the beak entire; plants cespitose. 

 Perigynia substipitate, sub-orbicular, minutely papillate-roughened; scales deciduous. 

 _ . . , . 138. C. pancicostata. 



Perigynia strongly stipitate, ovate. 



Perigynia yellowish-green, ribbed, papillate-roughened; scales deciduous. 

 n ■ • ,■ , 139. C hindsii. 



Perigynia light-green or in age glaucous green, nerved, very minutely granular; scales 

 . long persistent. 140. C. kelloggii. 



Perigynia nerveless ventrally or with obscure impressed nerves. 



Perigynia turgid and scales divaricate at maturity. 141. C. aperta. 



Perigynia iiot turgid; scales appressed. 



Perigynia ovate-orbicular, olive-green, scarcely 2 mm. long. 142. C. interriipta. 



Perigynia oblong-ovate or lanceolate, greenish straw-color, longer. 



Sheaths colored ventrally at mouth; lower pistillate spikes subcernuous on long 



peduncles; scales in age whitened at tip. 143. C. sitchensis. 



Sheaths not colored ventrally at mouth; lower pistillate spikes not nodding; scales not 

 . I, ., r whitened at tip. 144. C. aquatilis. 



Lower Sheaths of season s growth of flowering culms breaking and becoming filamentose. 

 ueak ot perigynium bidentate, hispidulous between teeth; scales strongly rough awned. 



145. C. baibarae. 



