294 



CYPERACEAE 



17. Carex vallicola Dewey. 



Valley Sedge. 



Fig. 



693. 



Carex vallicola Dewey, Am. Joiirn. Sci. II. 32: 40. 1861. 



Carex brciisqiiaina Mackenzie, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 152. 1907. 



Rootstocks short-creeping, scaly, the culms slender, 2.5-6 dm. 

 high, slender, roughened on the angles, much exceeding the leaves. 

 Leaf-blades narrow, about 1 mm. wide ; spikes androgynous, closely 

 aggregated into a dense terminal head 15-20 mm. long and about 

 7 mm. wide, the individual spikes poorly defined with 2-10. ascend- 

 ing or at maturity spreading perigynia; bracts little developed; 

 scales broadly ovate, strongly exceeded at maturity by perigynia, 

 acuminate or short cuspidate, brownish straw-color with hyaline 

 margins ; perigynia plano-convex, light green, 3.5 mm. long. 2 mm. 

 wide, the body ovate, smooth, polished, nerveless, round-tapering 

 at base, margined above, abruptly narrowed into the short, minutely 

 serrulate bidentate beak about 1 mm. long; achenes lenticular; 

 stigmas 2. 



Dry slopes. Transition Zone; Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming to 

 Oregon. Type locality: Jackson's Hole, Snake River. 



18. Carex tumulicola Mackenzie. 



'ig. 694. 



S. Wats. Hot. Calif. 2: 23: 



Foot-hill Sedge. 



Carex iiniricata gracilis W. Boott 



Boott. 

 Carex tumulicola Mackenzie, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 154. 



ISSO, not 



1907. 



Short-creeping from tough rootstocks, the culms 4.5-8 dm. 

 high, rough above, exceeding the leaves, brownish tinged at 

 base. Leaf-blades 1.5-2.5 mm. wide ; head 2-5 cm. long, slender 

 and often rather flexuous, the spikes 5-10, androgynous, the upper 

 aggregated, the lower separate, with 10 or fewer appressed- 

 ascending perigynia ; bracts especially the lower strongly devel- 

 oped and long cuspidate ; scales largely concealing perigynia, 

 brownish straw color with hyaline margins and green midrib, 

 acuminate to cuspidate ; perigynia plano-convex, lanceolate, 

 glabrous. 4-5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, prominently narrow- 

 margined, nerved dorsally, more or less strongly nerved ventrally. 

 round-tapering and substipitate at base, contracted into a ser- 

 rulate bidentate beak one-third to one-half length of body ; 

 achenes lenticular ; stigmas 2. 



Dry soil, Upper Sonoran and Arid Transition Zones; Washington south 

 through Oregon and the coastal counties of California to Monterey County. 

 Type locality: Lake Temescal, Alameda County, California. 



19. Carex alma Bailey. Sturdy Sedge. 



Fig. 695 



Carex alma Bailey, Mem. Torrey Club 1 : 50. 1889. 



Carex vitrea Holm, Am. Journ. Sci. IV. 17: 302-3. fig. 5-7. 1904. 



Cespitose, the culms 3-12 dm. high, strict, sharply tri- 

 angular and rough on the angles. Leaf-blades 3-6 mm. wide, 

 the sheaths very thin at mouth, exceeding the base of the 

 blade, normally not cross-rugulose ventrally ; head 2.5-10 cm. 

 long, more or less strongly decompound, the clusters from 

 closely aggregated to strongly separate, the individual spikes 

 androgynous, hardly recognizable, the perigynia few, spread- 

 ing; lower bracts more or less developed; scales ovate, about 

 equalling perigynia, sharp pointed to obtusish, straw-colored 

 or brownish, gtrongly hyaline-margined ; perigynia plano- 

 convex, 3.5 mm. long, 1.8 mm. wide, smooth, shining, in age 

 brownish-black, broadly ovate from a rounded base, narrowly 

 green-margined above, serrulate from middle, lightly few- 

 nerved on both faces, tapering into the serrulate bidentate 

 beak half length of bodv; achenes lenticular: stigmas 2. 



Along streams in southern California, Upper Sonoran Zone; Monterey 

 and Tulare Counties southward, eastward to southern Nevada and Ari- 

 zona. Type locality: San Bernardino County, California. 



