296 



CYPERACEAE 



23. Carex brevi-ligulata Alackenzie. 

 Short-liguled Sedge. Fig. 699. 



Caic.v 7'icai-ia costata Bailey, Mem. Torrey Club, 1: 49. 1889. 

 Cai-ex brevi-ligulata Mackenzie, Erythea 8: 92. 1922. 



Culms 2-6 dm. high, sharply triangular, strongly roughened 

 on angles above, exceeding the leaves. Leaves with blades 

 3-4.5 mm. wide, the sheaths tight, not conspicuously septate 

 dorsally; and thin, hyaline and more or less cross-rugulose 

 ventrallv, short prolonged at mouth; head 1.5-3.5 cm. long, 8- 

 12 mm. 'wide, decompound, the clusters closely aggregate, the 

 individual spikes hardly recognizable, the perigynia 6-15, 

 spreading at maturity ; bracts usually not conspicuous ; scales 

 ovate, acute to cuspidate, shorter than perigynia, light reddish- 

 broAvn with green center; perigynia 3.25-3.75 mm. long, 1.5-2 

 mm. wide, thick, plano-convex, smooth, ovate, round-tapering 

 at base, substipitate, yellowish brown with -green margin, 

 several ribbed dorsally, strongly fewer ribbed ventrally, 

 stronglv serrulate from middle, abruptly contracted into the 

 serrulate bidentate beak, half length of body; achenes lentic- 

 ular, stigmas 2. 



Marshes and swales. Transition Zone; northern California and Ore- 

 gon. Type locality: Grant's Pass, Oregon. 



24. Carex dudleyi Mackenzie. 



Dudley's Sedge. Fig. 700. 



Carc.v dudleyi Mackenzie, Erythea 8: 30. 1922. 



Culms 3-6 dm. high, roughened on angles and sharply tri- 

 angular beneath head, exceeding leaves. Leaf-blades Hat, ^/ 

 mtn wide, little roughened towards apex, the sheaths tiglit 

 inconspicuously septate dorsally, white hyahne and scarcely it 

 at all cross-riigulose ventrallv, short prolonged and convex at 

 mouth; head 2-3.5 cm. long, 9-12 mm. wide, decompound, the 

 spikes all very closely aggregated and hardly recognizable, the 

 perigynia in each few, spreading at maturity ; bracts setaceous, at 

 least "the lower conspicuous; scales ovate-lanceolate, mostly 

 shorter than perigynia, yellowish-green, strongly cuspidate or 

 awned; perigynia 2.5-3 mm. long, 1.25-1.5 mm wide, plano- 

 convex, smooth, narrowly ovate from a rounded base, sub-stipi- 

 tate, brownish yellow with green margin, few nerved dorsally, 

 obscurely nerved ventrally, the body not serrulate, contracted 

 into the serrulate bidentate beak of its own length; achenes 

 lenticular; stigmas 2. 



In the Coast Ranges of California, Upper Sonoran Zone; Monterey 

 Cou.nty to Lake County; apparently local. Type locality: Tassajara Hot 

 Springs, Monterey County, California. 



25. Carex vulpinoidea Michx. 

 Fox Sedge. Fig. 701. 



Care.v rulpinoidca Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 169. 1803. 



Carex microspcrma Wahl. Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockholm 24: 144. 1803. 



Care.r multiftora Muhl. in Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 243. -1805. 



Carex vulpinaeformis Tuckerm. Enum. Meth. 9. 1843. 



Cespitose, the rootstocks woody, short, the culms 3-9 dm. 

 ■ high, sharply triangular, very rough above. Leaf-blades flat, 

 2-5 mm. wide, very rough above, many exceeding the culms, 

 the sheaths tight,' inconspicuously septate dorsally, cross- 

 rugulose ventrally, more or less thickened at the mouth and 

 little if at all prolonged beyond the base of the blade; head 

 5-12.5 cm. long, decompound, the spikes very numerous, small, 

 androgynous, closely aggregated and the upper scarcely 

 distinguishable; bracts bristle-like, the lower conspicuous; 

 scales ovate lanceolate, strongly awned. about as long as 

 upper and longer than lower perigynia, ferruginous or straw- 

 colored with green keel ; perigynia ovate, plano-convex, 2- 

 2.5 mm. long. 1.2 mm. wide, greenish yellow, membranaceous, 

 rounded at base, several nerved dorsally, 1-3 nerved or nearly 

 nerveless ventrally, ascending or spreading at maturity, con- 

 tracted into a serrulate bidentate beak about length of the 

 body : achenes lenticular ; style slightly thickened at base, 

 jointed with the achene ; stigmas 2. 



Swampy places. Arid Transition Zone: New Brunswick to British 

 Columbia south to Florida, Texas, Colorado, and Oregon. Type locality: 

 Canada and New England. 



