SEDGE FAMILY 



301 



38. Carex cephalantha (Bailey) Bicknell. 



714. 



Larger Stellate Sedge. 



Fig. 



Carex echinata cct^halantha Bailey, Mem. Torrey Club 1: 58. 1889. 

 Carex cephalantha Bicknell, Bull. Torrey Club 35: 493. 1908. 



Densely cespitose, the culms 2.5-7.5 dm. hig;h, stiff, sharply 

 triangular, somewhat roughened above. Leafyblades Hat or 

 somewhat canaliculate, 1.5-2.25 mm. wide; spikes 3-7, more 

 or less strongly separate, forming a head 2.5-5 cm. long, 

 gynaecandrous, 5-25-flowered, subglobose or short-oblong, 4- 

 10 mm. long; lowest bracts developed; scales ovate, acute or 

 somewhat cuspidate, equaling body of perigynia, yellowish or 

 chestnut-brown tinged with sharply keeled green midvein 

 extending to apex and ill-defined opaque margins; perigynia 

 ovate, plano-convex, 3.5-4 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. wide, sub- 

 coriaceous, strongly many nerved dorsally, finely nerved 

 ventrally, round-truncate at base, serrulate above, contracted 

 into a serrulate beak half length of body, the apex strongly 

 bidentate, reddish brown tipped; achenes lenticular; stigmas 2. 



Sphagnum bogs. Humid Transition and Canadian Zones; Newfound- 

 land to Maryland, west to Ontario; and on the Pacific Coast from Van- 

 couver to Washington. Type locality: eastern Pennsylvania. 



39. Carex leptopoda Mackenzie. 



Shorter-scaled Sedge. 



Fig. 



715. 



Carex dcweyana W. Boott, in S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 236. 1880; not Schw. 

 Carex leptopoda Mackenzie in Kydb. Flora Rocky Mts. 124. 1917. 



Rootstocks slender, elongate, the culms slender, erect, 3-7.5 

 dm. high, little brownish tinged at base, roughened 1)eneath 

 head, exceeding leaves. Leaf-blades 2.5-5 mm. wide, flat, 

 smooth, pale-green ; spikes 4-7, approximate except lower 

 1-3, gynaecandrous, ovoid-oblong or linear-oblong, with 6-18 

 appressed perigynia ; the lower bracts usually shorter than the 

 head; scales shorter than body of perigynia, not reddish-brown 

 tinged, mostly cuspidate ; perigynia ovate-lanceolate, plano-con- 

 vex, light green, 3.5-4 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, rounded, sub- 

 stipitate and somewhat spongy at base, obscurely nerved on 

 outer face, nerved at base only on inner face, tapering into the 

 serrulate shallowly bidentate beak, about one-third length of 

 body ; achenes lenticular ; stigmas 2. 



Damp woods. Transition Zone; Idaho to British Columbia south to Santa 

 Cruz and Tulare Counties, California. Type locality: Elk Rock, near Os- 

 wego, Clackamas County, Oregon. 



40. Carex bolanderi Olney. 



Bolander's Sedge. 



Fig. 716. 



Carex bolanderi Olney, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 393. 1868. 



Carex dcweyana bolanderi W. Boott in S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 236. 1880. 



Rootstocks slender, elongate, the culms slender but strict, erect, 

 4-9 dm. high, brownish tinged at the base, little rougjiened 

 beneath the head, exceeding the leaves. Leaf-blades 2.5-5 mm. 

 wide, flat, smooth, pale green ; spikes 4-8, linear-oblong or 

 linear, the lower separate, the 8-30 perigynia appressed ; lower 

 bracts usually shorter than the head ; scales covering body of 

 perigynia, usually reddish brown tinged, mostly acute or mu- 

 cronate ; perigynia lanceolate, plano-convex, light green, 4-4.5 

 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, rounded, substipitate and spongy at 

 base, nerved dorsally and at base on the inner face, rather ab- 

 ruptly tapering into the serrulate deeply bidentate beak half 

 length of Ijody ; achenes lenticular ; stigmas 2. 



Woods, Transition Zone; British Columbia to California east to New 

 Mexico, Utah, and western Montana. Ty])e locality: Yosemite Valley, 

 California. 



