330 



CYPERACEAE 



125. Carex helleri Mackenzie. 



Heller's Sedge. 



Fig. 



801. 



Carc.v helleri Mackenzie, Erythea 8: 70. 1922. 



Very densely cespitose, the culms 0.5-3 dm. high, slender but 

 strict, sharply triangular, roughened above, purplish tinged at base. 

 Leaf-blades 2-i mm. wide, flat with slightly revolute margins ; 

 spikes 3-5, closely approximate, the terminal gynaecandrous, sessile 

 or short-peduncled, the lateral pistillate, sessile or nearly so, oblong, 

 10-20 mm. long, 4.5-6 mm. wide, densely 25-50-flowered; lowest 

 bract shorter than culm, sheathless ; scales ovate-lanceolate or 

 lanceolate, acuminate, strongly exceeding but much narrower than 

 perigynia, purplish-black with light midvein ; perigynia broadly oval 

 to sub-orbicular, much flattened, 2.5-3.5 mm. long and nearly as wide, 

 obscurely nerved, substipitate, puncticulate, not granular roughened, 

 but sparingly minutely ciliate-serrulate when young, abruptly beaked, 

 the beak 0.25 mm. long, bidentate ; achenes triangular, short stipi- 

 tate ; style slender, straight, articulated to achene and in age decidu- 

 ous ; stigmas 3. 



At high altitudes. Boreal Zone: central part of the Sierra Nevada of Cali- 

 fornia extending as far south as Tulare County; also in the White Mountains 

 of California, and the high mountains of western Nevada. Type locality: Mount 

 Rose, Washoe County, Nevada. 



126. Carex epapillosa Mackenzie. 

 Smooth-fruited Sedge. Fig. 802. 



Carex epapillosa Mackenzie, in Rydberg Fl. Rocky Mts. 13S. 1917. 



Densely cespitose, but rootstocks more or less creeping, the 

 culms 1.5-6 dm. high, slender, sharply triangular, smooth. 

 Leaves all towards the base of the culms, the blades 3-8 mm. 

 wide, nearly flat ; spikes 3-6, approximate or the lowest_ a 

 little separate, sessile or short-peduncled, oblong-obovoid, 

 1-2.5 cm. long, 6-10 mm. wide, closely flowered in many rows, 

 the terminal one gynaecandrous ; bracts sheathless ; scales 

 lance-ovate, sharp-pointed, somewdiat narrower than but about 

 equalling the perigynia, brownish black, the midvein more 

 or less prominent ; perigynia broadly oval or obovate, much 

 flattened, 3.5-4.5 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. wide, obscurely nerved, 

 puncticulate but not granular roughened, the beak 0.5 mni. 

 long, bidentate ; achenes triangular, slender-stipitate, mucii 

 narrower than perigynia ; style slender, straight, articulated 

 to achene and in age deciduous ; stigmas 3. 



Mountain meadows, Canadian to Arctic- Alpine Zones; W'yoming to 

 Washington, Oregon and the Sierra Nevada of California. Type lo- 

 cality: Marysvale, Utah. 



127. Carex heteroneiara A\'. Boott. 



X'arious-nerved Sedge. Fig". 803. 



Carex atrata and var. erccta W. Boott in S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 2.39. 



1880, not L. 

 Carex hctcroncnra W. Boott, I.e. 240. 1880. 

 Carex quadrifida and var. lenis Bailey, Proc. Calif. Acad. II. 3: 104. 



1891. 

 Carer quadrifida caeca Bailey, Bot. Gaz. 21: 8. 1896. 



Densely cespitose, the rootstocks little if at all creeping, 

 the culms 2.5-5 dm. high, slender, smooth or somewhat 

 roughened above. Leaf-blades 2-4 mm. wide, the sheaths 

 normally purplish-tinged ventrally ; spikes about four, ap- 

 proximate or lower more or less strongly separate, the 

 terminal gynaecandrous (rarely staminate), the lateral 

 pistillate, the lower on peduncles of half their length, the 

 upper sessile or short-peduncled, oblong, 1-2 cm. long, 5-7 

 mm. wide, closely flowered with 15-40 appressed-ascending 

 perigynia; bracts sheathless, the lower shorter than to exceed- 

 ing culm; scales acute, half width of perigynia, pui^plish- 

 brown with conspicuous midvein ; perigynia suborbicular, 

 strongly flattened, 2.5-3.5 mm. long, 1.75-2.5 mm. wide, 

 rounded at base and apex, puncticulate, but not granular 

 roughened, the beak 0.25 mm. long, minutely bidentate; 

 achenes triangular, short-stipitate, somewhat narrower than 

 perigynia ; style slender, straight, articulated to achene and 

 in age deciduous ; stigmas 3. 



Sierra Nevada of California from Tulare County to Placer County; 

 in the high mountains of southern California and in the mountains of 

 western Nevada; Transition Zone. Type locality: Lake Tahoe to Bear 

 Valley. 



