420 



LILIACEAE 



9. Lilium columbianum Hanson. Columbia Lily 



Fig. 1028. 



243. 



253. 



Lilium cauadense parviflorum Hook. FI. Bor. Am. 2: 181. 1840. 

 Lilium canadense minus Wood, Proc. Acad. Philad. 166. 1868. 

 Lilium canadense zvalkeri Wood, Proc. Acad. Philad. 1868: 166. 



1868. 

 Lilium columbiannm Hanson; Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. 14: 



1874. 

 Lilium lucidum Kell. Proc. Calif. Acad. 6: 144. 1875. 

 Lilium parviflorum Holzinger, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3: 



1895. 

 Lilium bakeri Purdy, Erythea 5: 104. 1897. 

 Lilium purdyi Waugh. Bot. Gaz. 27: 356. 1899. 



Bulb small, ovoid, 4-5 cm. in diameter ; the whitish 

 scales lanceolate, acute, closely appressed, not jointed. 

 Stems slender, 6-12 cm. high, glabrous ; leaves in vi^horls 

 of 5-9 or sometimes more, the upper and lower scat- 

 tered, narrowly to broadly oblanceolate, or lanceolate, 

 acute or acuminate. 5-10 cm. long. 12-30 mm. wide, 

 glabrous ; inflorescense many-flowered, racemose or 

 whorled below; pedicels slender, 10-15 cm. long; flowers 

 recurved, bright reddish orange, thickly spotted with 

 purple ; perianth-segments strongly revolute to below 

 the middle, 4-6 cm. long, 8-12 mm. wide ; stamens a 

 little longer than the style ; anthers 4-6 mm. long, yel- 

 low ; ovary about 15 mm. long; capsule 3-4 mm. long, 

 oblong, acutely 6-angled. 



In open woods and meadows, moist situations, Transition 

 Zone; southern British Columbia south through Washington and 

 Oregon to Humboldt and Sierra Counties, California, east to 

 western Idaho. Type locality: "Oregon." 



Fig. 1029. 



10. Lilium humboldtii Roezl. & Leichtl. Humboldt's Lily. 



Lilium canadense puberulum Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. 4: 146. 1856. 



LUium humboldtii Roezl. & Leichtl. Duch. Journ. Soc. Hort. Par. II. 4: 216. 1871. 



Lilium bloomerianum Kell. Proc. Calif. Acad. 4 : 160. 1871. 



Lilium bloomerianum occllatum Kell. Proc. Calif. Acsd. 5: 88. pi. 4. 1873. 



Bulbs ovoid, 5-15 cm. in diameter, white or 

 purplish, bitter ; scales very fleshy, ovate-lanceo- 

 late, 4-7 cm. long, not jointed. Stems stout, 

 10-25 dm. high, purplish, more or less puberulent ; 

 leaves usually in 4-6 whorls of 10-20 each, 9-12 

 cm. long, 15-25 mm. wide, oblanceolate, more or 

 less undulate, acute, bright green, scabrous or 

 pubescent on the margins and beneath ; inflor- 

 escence few-many-flowered, racemose ; bracts 

 often ovate ; pedicels stout, usually widely 

 spreading, 10-15 cm. long; flowers nodding, 

 bright reddish orange, conspicuously spotted 

 with purple ; perianth-segments 7-9 cm. long. 

 12-25 mm. wide, strongly revolute to the abruptly 

 narrowed short claw, papillose-ridged toward the 

 base ; stamens about 5 cm. long, equalling the 

 style ; anthers 12-15 mm. long ; ovary about 

 20 mm. long; capsule obovoid, long; acutely 

 6-angled. 



In dry open situations of the foothills and lower 

 altitudes of the mountains, Upper Sonoran and Arid 

 Tran)5ition Zones; western slopes of the Sierra Nevada 

 from the head of the Sacramento Valley southward, at 

 least to Amador County (not reported in the southern 

 -Sierra), also in southern California from Ventura to 

 San Diego County, and on the channel islands. Type 

 locality: Sierra Nevada. The southern California form 

 often develops bulblets in the leaf-axils. 



18. FRITILLARIA [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 303. 1753. 



Stems erect from scaly bulbs, with thick fleshy scales. Leaves scattered or verticillate, 

 mostly narrow and sessile. Flowers solitary or racemose, leafy-bracted, often dull-colored, 

 nodding. Perianth campanulate or funnel-form, deciduous, of 6 distinct equal oblong-oblan- 

 ceolate concave segments, more or less blotched or tinged with purple or yellow 

 or white and wnth a smooth nectariferous pit near the base. Stamens 6, inserted on 

 the base of the segments; filaments slender; anthers oblong, basifixed little or not at all 

 versatile, extrorse, dehiscing laterally. Ovules many ; style slender, united to the middle or 

 throughout, deciduous. Capsule membranous, ovate or oblong, 6-angled or 6-winged, locu- 

 licidally 3-valved. Seeds flat, in 2 rows in each cell, brownish. [Latin, from fritillus, a dice- 

 box or chess-board, in allusion to the form or to the checkered markings of the perianth in 

 some species.] 



About 50 species, natives of the North Temperate Zone. Type species, Fritillaria pyrenaica L. 



