LirA'-OF-THE-\'ALLEY FAAIILY 



453 



2. Clintonia andrewsiana Turr. 



Red Clintonia. 



Fig. 1112. 



Clintonia and'eivsiana Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. 4: ISO. 1857. 



Stem rather stout, 5-15 cm. long, mainly suli- 

 terranean. Leaves mostly 5 or 6, oval to oblanceo- 

 late, 15-20 cm. long, acute or abruptly short- 

 acuminate, sparsely villous-pubescent on the 

 margins and midrib toward the base, otherwise 

 nearly or quite glabrous ; peduncle stout, 25-50 

 cm. long, usually with 1 or rarely 2 or 3 foli- 

 aceous bracts ; inflorescence viilous-pubescent, of 

 a terminal umbel and one or more lateral um- 

 bellate fascicles ; pedicels slender, unequal, 10- 

 25 mm. long; perianth deep rose-purple, the 

 segments gibbous at base 8-15 mm. long; fila- 

 ments pubescent ; anthers oblong, 2 mm. long ; 

 berry metallic blue, ovoid. 8-10 mm. long, the 

 cavities 8-10-seeded. 



Shady woods near the coast. Humid Transition Zone; 

 California Coast Ranges, Humboldt County to Monterey. 

 Type locality: "probably not far from San Francisco." 



2. r. sessilifolia. 



3. V. liliacca. 



5. VAGNERA .Vdans. Fam. PI. 2 : 496. 1763. 

 [S-\nL.\ciXA Desf. Am. Mus. Paris 9: 51. 1807.] 

 More or less pubescent herbs, with slender, or short and thick rootstocks, simple stems, 

 scaly below, leafy above. Leaves alternate, short-petioled or sessile, ovate, lanceolate or 

 oblong. Flowers in a terminal raceme or panicle, small, white or greenish-white. Perianth 

 of 6 separate spreading equal segments. Stamens 6, inserted at the base of the perianth- 

 segments ; filaments filiform or subulate ; anthers ovate, introrse. Ovary 3-celled, sessile, 

 subglobose ; ovules 2 in each cavity ; style short or slender ; stigma 3-grooved or 3-lobed. Berry 

 globular. Seeds usually 1 or 2, subglobose. [Name in honor of Wagner.] 



About 25 species, natives of North America, Central America, and Asia. Besides the following, two 

 others occur in eastern North America. Type species, Vagnera stellata (L.) Morong. 



Flowers paniculate, subsessile, numerous. 1. //. amplexicaulis. 



Flowers racemose, few; pedicels equalling or longer than the flowers. 



Leaves flat and spreading; raceme zigzag; pedicels widely spreading. 



Leaves folded, ascending; raceme seldom zigzag; pedicels ascending. 



1. Vagnera amplexicaulis (Xutt.) Greene. Western Solomon's Seal. Fig. 1113. 



Smilacina ainpie.vicaulis Xutt. Tourn. Acad. Philad. 7: 58. 



1834. 

 Vagnera amplexicaulis Greene, ^lan. Bay Region 316. 1894. 

 Smilacina raccmosa hrachxstxla Henderson, Bull. Torrey Club 



27: 357. 1900. 

 Vagnera brachypetala Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 268. 1901. 



Rootstock stout, fleshy, elongate. Stem 3-10 dm. 

 high, erect or ascending, slender or stout, some- 

 what angled, more or less puberulent with spreading 

 hairs. Leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate, 5-15 cm. 

 long, sessile and amplexicaul or with a short dilated 

 clasping petiole, acute or abruptly short-acuminate 

 at apex, rounded at base, more or less pubescent with 

 short stiff hairs, panicle sessile or short-pedimcled. 

 3-15 cm. long, oblong-ovate; pedicels 1-3 mm. long; 

 perianth-segments linear-lanceolate to linear-oblong, 

 1.5-2.5 mm. long; filaments subulate usually a third 

 to a half longer than the segments ; style 1-2 mm. 

 long ; berry bright red, sprinkled with reddish purple 

 dots. 4-5 mm. in diameter; seed usually solitary, 

 whitish. 3 mm. broad. 



On rich wooded slopes. Transition Zone; British Columbia 

 and Montana south to New Mexico and the San Bernardino 

 Mountains. California. Type locality: "in the valleys of the 

 Rocky Mountains about the sources of the Columbia River." 

 Considerable variation in relative length of petals, stamens 

 and style have led to several segregations, but these characters 

 appear inconstant often on the same individual. 



Vagnera amplexicaulis glabra fMacbr.) Abrams (Smila- 

 cina amplexicaulis glabra ^lacbr. Contr. Gray Herb. II. 41: 

 18. 1918.) A glabrate plant which seems fairly constant over a well defined range. It occurs in the 

 southern Cascade Mountains and extends southward, mainly in the Canadian Zone, through the Sierra Nevada 

 to the San Bernardino Mountains. 



