470 



ORCHIDACEAE 



Anthers 2; lip a large inflated sac. (Cvpripedieae.) 1 



Anthers solitary. 



Pollinia with a caudicle, which is attached at the base to a viscid disk or gland; our 

 (Orchideae.) 

 Stems leafy. 2 



Stems scapose with two basal leaves. 



Anther sacs parallel or nearly so; lateral sepals adnate at base to the claw of the 



3 

 Anther sacs widely divergent; lateral sepals free at base. 

 Pollinia not produced into a caudicle.. 



Pollinia granulose or powdery. (Xeottieae.) 

 Plants with ordinary green foliage. 

 Stems leafy. 



Leaves broad; anthers operculate. 



Leaves narrow; anthers not operculate; spike often twisted. 

 Stems scapose; leaves basal or nearly so. 

 Leaves 2, opposite, not white-veined. 

 Leaves several, white-veined. 

 Plants without green foliage, white, leaves reduced to alternate scales. 

 Pollinia smooth and waxy. ( Epidendreae.) 

 Leaves 1 or 2; plants bulbous. 

 Leaves 2, opposite; lip flat. 

 Leaf 1. 



Flower solitary; lip saccate. 

 Flowers racemose; lip not saccate 



. Cypripediiim. 

 genera with a spur. 

 Limnorchis. 



Pipena. 

 . Lvsias. 



Scrapias. 

 Ibidium. 



Ophrys. 



Pcraniiiiin. 



Ebiirophytoii. 



10. Lipaiis. 



Leaves reduced to scales; plants without green herbage, from coralloid roots. 13. 



Cytherea. 



Aplectntin. 



Coiallorrliiza. 



1. CYPRIPEDIUM L. Sp. PI. 975. 1753. 



Glandular-pubescent herbs, with leafy stems and coarsely fibrous roots. Leaves large, 

 broad, many-nerved. Flowers solitary or several, drooping, large and showy. Sepals 

 spreading, separate, or usually two of them united into one under the inflated sac-like lip. 

 Column declined, bearing a sessile or stalked fertile anther on each side and a dilated 

 petaloid but thickish sterile stamen above, which covers the summit of the style. Pollinia 

 granular, without a caudicle or glands. Stigma terminal, broad, obscurely 3-lobed. [Name 

 incorrectly Latinized from Kuj-iqi;, Venus, and :x£biXox, a shoe, therefore by some authors 

 spelled Cypripediiiiiii.] 



About 20 species, natives of the north temperate zone. Besides the following 4 other species occur in 

 eastern North America, 2 in the Rocky Mountains and 1 in Alaska. Type species, Cypripedium calceolus L. 



Leaves several, alternate. 



Sepals obtuse, shorter tlian the lip; flowers 3—7, racemose. 

 Sepals acuminate, longer than the lip; flowers solitary. 

 Flowers yellow; lip 15-30 mm. long. 

 Flowers brown, with a white lip 30-50 mm. long. 

 Leaves 2, opposite, broadly oval; flowers greenish, fasciculate. 



L C. calif orniciim. 



2. C. parviflontm. 



3. C. montaimm. 



4. C. jascicntatuin. 



1. Cypripedium californicum A. Gray. California Lady's Slipper. Fig. 1149. 



Cvpripcdium californicum A. Grav, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 

 389. 1867. 



Stems leafy, 3-7 dm. high, glandular-pubescent. 

 Leaves 7-10 cm. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, 

 the upper becoming smaller, lanceolate and 

 acuminate ; flowers 3-7. solitary in the axils of 

 the foliaceous bracts, and much shorter than 

 them ; sepals broadly oval, the lower wholly 

 united, 15 mm. long; petals oblong-linear, 

 equalling the sepals ; ovary twisted, acutish, 

 greenish-yellow : lip obovate-globose, white or 

 often rose-color, spotted with brown, 18-20 mm. 

 long, pubescent within at the base; sterile 

 anther rounded and arching, nearly sessile, 4 

 mm. long ; stigma roughened 4 mm. long ; cap- 

 sule refle.xed, oblong 20 mm. long. 



In damp soils of open woods. Transition Zone; Sis- 

 kiyou Mountains, southern Oregon, south to Marin and 

 Placer Counties, California. Type locality: swamps on 

 Red Mountain, Mendocino County, California. 



