ORCHID FAMILY 



481 



9. PERAMIUM Salisb. Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. 1: 301. 1812. 



Perennial herbs with bracted erect scapes, and thick tlesh\- fibrous roots. Leaves basal, 

 tufted, often blotched with white. Flowers medium-sized, in a terminal bracted spike. 

 Lateral sepals free, the upper united with the petals into a galea. Lip sessile, entire, round- 

 ovate, concave or saccate, reflexed at apex, without callosities. Anther without a lid ; attached 

 to the column by a short stalk. Pollinia 2, one in each sac, attached to a small disk, granular. 

 Column straight, rather short. [Greek, referring to the pouch-like lip.] 



About 25 species, widely distributed in temperate and tropical regions. Type species, Peramium repens 

 (L.) Salisb. 



1. Peramium decipiens (Hook) Piper. 

 Alenzies' Rattlesnake Plantain. Fig. 1176. 



Spiranthes decipiens Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 202. 1839. 



Goodxera menziesii Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid 492. 

 1840. 



Peramium mcnziesii Morong, Mem. Torrey Club 5: 

 124. 1894. 



Peramium decipiens Piper, Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 208. 

 1906. 



Epipactis decipiens .\mes, Orchid. 2: 261. 1908. 



Scape stout, 2-4 dm. high, glandular 

 pubescent. Leaves ovate-lanceolate ; 3-6 cm. 

 long, with or without whitish blotches, acute at 

 apex, narrowed at base to winged petiole; spike 

 5-15 cm. long, many-flowered, somewhat 1- 

 sided ; flowers greenish white ; petals and sepals 

 about 8 mm. long ; galea ovate-lanceolate, con- 

 cave, with an elongated usually recurved tip ; 

 lip with a long narrow recurved or spreading 

 apex, and a swollen base ; anther attached to 

 the base of the column, ovate, acute ; column 

 prolonged abovfe the stigma with an awl-shaped 

 beak. 



In forests. Transition Zone; British Columbia to 

 Quebec, sovith to Marin County and the Sierra Ne- 

 vada, California, Arizona, Michigan and New Hamp- 

 shire. Type locality: Lake Huron. 



10. LIPARIS L. C. Richard, Mem. Mus. Paris 4: 43, 60. 1817. 



Low scapose herbs, with solid bulbs, the base of the stem sheathed by several scales and 2 

 broad shining leaves. Flov/ers in terminal racemes. Sepals and petals nearly equal, linear, 

 the petals usually very narrow. Column elongated, incurved, thickened and margined above. 

 Pollinia 2 in each anther sac. waxy, slightly united, without stalks, threads or glands. Lip 

 nearly flat, often bearing 2 tubercles above the base. [Greek, fat, referring to the texture of 

 the leaves.] 



About 100 species, widely distributed in temperate and tropical regions; only the following and Liparis 

 lilifolia (L.) L. C. Rich, of the eastern states are known to occur in North America. Type species, Liparis 

 loeselii (L.) L. C. Rich. 



1. Liparis loeselii (L.) L. C. Rich. 

 Loesel's Twayblade. 



Fig. 1177. 



Opkrys loeselii L. Sp. PI. 947. 1753. 



Liparis loeselii L. C. Rich. Mem. Mus. Paris 4: 60. 



Leptorchis loeselii MacM. Met. Minn. 173. 1892. 



1817. 



Scape 5-20 cm. high, 5-7-rib1ied, glabrous. Leaves 

 elliptic-lanceolate or oblong, 5-15 cm. long, 15-45 mm. 

 wide, keeled, obtuse ; raceme few-flowered ; flowers 

 greenish, 4-6 mm. long, on stout pedicels nearly as 

 long as the ovary ; sepals narrowly lanceolate, spread- 

 ing ; petals linear, somewhat reflexed ; lip obovate or 

 oblong, 5 mm. long, yellowish green, the tip incurved ; 

 column half as long as its lip or less; capsule about 

 5 mm. long, narrowly winged. 



In wet places in woods and thickets, Manitoba and Wash- 

 ington to Saskatchewan, south to Alabama and Missouri. 

 -Mso in Europe. Known in the Pacific .States only from Fal- 

 con Valley, Washington, Suksdorf. Type locality: Switzer- 

 land. 



