482 



ORCHIDACEAE 



11. CYTHEREA Salisb. Trans. Hort. Soc. 1: 301. 1812. 



Low herb with a solid bulb and coralloid roots, the 1-flowered scape sheathed by 2 or 3 

 loose scales and a solidly petioled basal leaf, arising separately from the corm. Flowers large, 

 showy, terminal. Sepals and petals similar. Lip large, saccate or swollen, 2-parted below. 

 Column dilated, petal-like, bearing the lid-like anther just below the apex. Pollinia 2, waxy, 

 each 2-parted, sessile on a thick gland. Stigma at the base. [Surname of v'enus.] 



A monotypic species in the cooler parts of the north temperate zone. 



1. Cytherea bulbosa (L.) House. Cytherea or Calypso. Fig. 1178. 



Cypripedhim bulbosum L. Sp. PL 951. 1753. 



Calypso borealis Salisb. Par. Lend. pi. 89. 1807. 



Calypso bulbosa Oakes, Cat. Vermont PI. 28. 1842. 



Calxpso bulbosa f. occidentalis Holz. Contr. Nat. Herb. 3: 251. 



1895. 

 Calypso occidentalis Heller, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 193. 1898. 

 Cytherea bulbosa House, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 382. 1905. 



Scape 1-3 dm. high, smooth, with membranous 

 sheathing bracts. Leaf appearing usually some time 

 after anthesis, broadly oval or ovate, 25-35 mm. long, 

 rounded or subcordate at base; petiole 25-50 mm. long; 

 peduncle subtended by a petaloid bract; sepals and petals 

 linear, erect or spreading, 10-14 mm. long, with 3 longi- 

 tudinal lines of purple ; lip large, saccate, spotted with 

 purple, spreading or drooping with a patch of white 

 woolly hairs ; column shorter than the petals, erect ; 

 capsule about 1 cm. long, many-nerved. 



In rich moist woods, especially around decayed logs. Transition 

 and Canadian Zones; Alaska to Labrador, south to northern Cali- 

 fornia, Arizona, Michigan and Maine. Also in Europe. June- 

 July. Type locality: Europe. 



12. APLECTRUM Niitt. Gen. 2: 197. 1818. 



Scapose herbs, from a corm, produced on slender naked rootstocks or offshoots sometimes 

 with coralloid fibers, the scape clothed with several sheathing scales. Leaf solitary, basal, 

 petioled, developed in autumn or late summer and persisting through the winter. Flowers in 

 terminal racemes, pedicellate and subtended' by small bracts, sepals and petals similar, narrow. 

 Lip clawed, somewhat 3-ridged, spur none. Column free, the anther borne a little below its 

 summit. Pollinia 4, lense-shaped, oblique. [Greek, meaning without a spur.] 



A monotypic North American genus. 



1. Aplectrum spicatum (Walt.) B. S. P. 

 Adam-and-Eve Putty-root. 



Fig". 1179. 



Arcthusa spicata Walt. Fl. Car. 222. 1788. 

 Cymbidium hycmale Muhl.; Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 107. 1805. 

 Aplectrum hyemale Torr. Compend. 322. 1826. 

 Aplectrum spicatum B. S. P. Prel. Cat. N. Y. 51. 1888. 

 Aplectrum shortii Rydb. in Britton Man. 305. 1901. 



Scape 3-6 dm. high, glabrous, bearing about 3 

 sheathing membranous bracts. Leaf arising from 

 the corm, elliptic or ovate, 10-15 cm. long, 2-7 cm. 

 wide; raceme 5-10 cm. long, loosely several- 

 flowered; flowers dull yellowish brown mixedwith 

 purple, short-pedicelled ; sepals and petals linear 

 lanceolate, 12-15 mm. long; lip shorter than the 

 petals, obtuse, somewhat 3-lobed and undulate; 

 column slightly curved, shorter than the lip; cap- 

 sule oblong-ovoid, angled, 2 cm. long. 



Moist woods and swamps. Transition Zone; Saskatche- 

 wan to Ontario, south to Missouri and Georgia. Said to 

 have been collected by Nuttall in Oregon, but not since 

 reported from west of the Rocky Mountains. May-June. 

 Type locality: Carolina. 



