BEECH FAMILY 



517 



Leaves evergreen. 



Leaves not chestnut-like. 



Tree; leaves oblong, entire or toothed, blue-green above; bark finely checked. 



Shrubs; bark covered with loose scales. 

 Twigs rusty-tomentose. 



Leaves brittle, plane or undulate, bright glossy green above. 



8. Q. ciigeliiiaitnt. 



10. Q. duDiosa. 

 durata. 

 alvordiana. 



Leaves leathery, convex, dull green and stellate pubescent above. y L Q. 

 Twigs grayish tomentose; branches and leaves very rigid. 12. Q. 



Leaves chestnut-like, 2-4 in. long, toothed, lateral veins parallel and prominent. 



..... , , . 13. Q. sadleriana. 



Acorns developing the second autumn: nut tomentose on the inner surface. 

 Cup large, thick-walled, densely tomentose. 



Leaves with prominent parallel lateral veins, 2-4 in. long. 14. Q, tomemtella. 



Leaves with lateral veins not prominent nor parallel, dull green above, pale or golden beneath. 



f n *i • II J u I ! J 1 L „ ^^- Q- '^Ifysoiepis. 



Cup smaller, thin-walled, bcivl-sbaped; shrubs or small trees. 



Small tree, with short stiff branches; leaves rigid, prickly dentate, pale beneath. 



T J- ,,■,,,..,, 16. Q. palmeri. 



Low spreading montane shrub, witli slender pliable branches. 17. Q, vaccinifolia. 



1. Quercus kelloggii Xewlx Kellogg's or California Black Oak. Fio-. 1252. 



Qitcrciis tinctoria californica Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. 4: 138. 

 1857. 



Quercus kelloggii Newb. Pacif. R. Rep. 6: 28, f. 6. 1857. 



Quercus calif oriiica Cooper, Smiths. Rep. 261. 1858. 



Quercus sonoineusis Benth. in DC. Prod. 16^: 62. 1864. 



A tree, 10-25 or rarely 35 m. high, with a trunk 

 6-13 dm. in diameter; bark smooth becoming 25-35 

 mm. thick, divided in broad ridges near the base of 

 old trunks. Leaves deciduous, 8-20 cm. long, deeply 

 sinuate-lobed into about 3 lobes on each side, each 

 lobe with 1-4 bristle-tipped teeth, bright green and 

 glabrous or sometimes pubescent above ; petioles 25-50 

 cm. long; acorns solitary or clustered; cup 15-25 min. 

 deep, puberulent within, chestnut brown without, the 

 scales thin, with a membranous margin ; nut oblong, 

 25-30 mm. long. 



Interior foothills and mountains, Arid Transition Zone; 

 Mackenzie River, Oregon, through the Sierra Nevada and the 

 Coast Ranges, to the Cuiamaca Mountains, San Diego County, 

 California. Type locality: "south and north of San Francisco 

 in the Coast Mountains," and "between Fort Redding and 

 Lassen's B'utte," California. 



2. Quercus wislizenii A. DC. Sierra Live Oak. Fig. 1253. 



Quercus 'ccisli-enii A. DC. Prod. 16=: 67. 1864. 



A round-topped tree, 15-25 m. high, with a trunk 

 1-2 m. in diameter; bark smooth, 5-7 cm. thick and 

 divided into broad ridges toward the base of old 

 trunks. Leaves evergreen, 25-35 mm. long, lanceolate 

 to elliptic, entire or spiny-toothed, thick and cori- 

 aceous, plane, glabrous and shining on both surfaces, 

 dark green above, yellow-green beneath ; acorns ma- 

 turing the second autumn; cup turbinate, 12-20 mm. 

 deep, or sometimes cup-shaped, its scales thin, light 

 brown, often ciliate; nut slender, oblong-ovate, 

 abruptly narrowed at base, pointed at apex, 20-30 

 mm. long. 



Mountain slopes, foothills and valleys. Upper Sonoran 

 and Transition Zones; Mt. Shasta southward through the 

 Coast Ranges, the Sacramento \alley. and tlie Sierra 

 foothills to northern Lower California. The variety frutcscens 

 Engelm. is a scrubby form found in the chaparral formations 

 of tile Coast Ranges ami southern California. Type locality: 

 .\nu-rican River, California. 



Quercus morehus Kell. Proc. Calif. Acad. 2: 36. 1863. 

 This widely tlistributed but nowhere common oak is a sup- 

 posed hybrid between the two preceding species. It has ever- 

 green leaves a little smaller and less deeply lobed than those of Quercus kelloggii. Individual specimens 

 have been found here and there from Lake and Tehama Counties to the San Bernardino Mountains, California. 



