CONTENTS. 



I. Introduction. 



1 . Scope of biology. 



2. Origin of the science of biology. 



II. Characteristics of living matter. 



III. Constitution of the individual. Organs and tissues, Cell theory. 



IV. What is meant by " Individual." 



1. Kinds of individuality. 



2. Degrees of individuality. 



3. Limits to the divisibility of the individual. 



V. Relations between the parts of the individual. Analogy, Homol- 

 ogy, Symmetry. 



VI. Origin of the individual (Morphogenesis). 



1 . Abiogenesis 7>s. biogenesis. 



2. Evolution Ts. epigenesis. 



3. The advance of embryology. 



4. Modern theories of fertilization. 



5. Phases of ontogeny. 



6. Reaction of the individual to its environment. 



7. Heredity and variation. 



i. General considerations, 



ii. Phenomena of individual variation, 



iii. Phenomena of heredity, 



iv. Theories of heredity and development. 



VII. What is meant i:)y " Species." 



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