FIELDS S-l, S-2, and S-3 

 Columns 54, 55, and 56 



Field S-3). In all of these procedures, Field M would be coded with Symbol #, indicating that although 

 a host was involved, the test organism was exposed to the dosage as coded in Field M; however, none 

 of Symbols K, G, or N of Field S-3 explains (1) that the test compound was applied to the external 

 surface of the aphids (and only coincidentally to the external surface of the willow leaves), or (2) that 

 it was not applied to the abdomen of the dog, or (3) that it was applied to the habitat of the ectoparasites 

 (and only coincidentally to the habitat of the fish). In such cases, the coder must always explain in 

 the written abstract of Field S-3 this route of administration as being directly to the test organism 

 rather than to the host of Field J. 



3. Relationship between Fields S-3 and Field H-2 



Of the uses for Field H-2, one relates particularly to Field S-3 (listed as Use #3 in the section 

 on General Use of Field H): the gross anatomical site of administration of the test compound, when 

 the site is other than an organ specifically responding in Field H-l, can be coded in Field H-2, pro- 

 vided Field H-2 is not otherwise used and if the coding in Field S-3 does not adequately designate the 

 specific route. This use of Field H-2 is discussed in detail in the section on Specific Directions and 

 Explanations (Divisions 2 and 3) for Field H. Briefly, certain symbols of Field S-3 adequately indicate 

 the site of application and, when they are used, Field H-2 need not be coded with the site of application 

 under any circumstances: Symbols 0, 1, 2, 6, 9, A, H, J, K, L, M, N, Q, R, T, U, V, W, X, and Y. 

 The other symbols of Field S-3 represent routes which do not include in their definitions specification 

 of an anatomical site and it is to supplement the definitions of these that Field H-2 can be used: 

 Symbols 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, B, C, D, E, F, G, I, 0, P, S, and Z. Ideally, a separate coding field (i. e. , 

 other than the field used to supplement coding in Fields G and L) would be provided for this supple- 

 mentary coding to Field S-3, but the CBCC decision to use a single field (Field H-2) for both uses was 

 based on the belief that both of those uses for Field H-2 occurred with sufficient infrequency that con- 

 flicts between the two uses would be correspondingly rare and that the significance of this small number 

 of conflicts did not justify reserving another three IBM punched card columns for a special anatomy field 

 to supplement Field S-3, when it was so important for efficiency to restrain the entire coding area to a 

 single IBM punched card. Unfortunately, as is often the case when two uses are assigned to a single 

 coding field, code entries in Field H-2 can be interpreted only by consulting the coding in Fields G, L, 

 S-3, and H-l, as explained in Division 3 of the Specific Directions and Explanations section for Field H. 



In the process of retrieving from the coded files data on tests in which a specific organ is treated 

 with the test compound, the file search must include sorting in Field S-3, as well as in Fields H-l and 

 H-2. 



4. Manners of application; Field S-3 and Field A distinctions 



Field S-3 distinguishes in its descriptions manners of application to the several routes. The 

 route and manner of application are often intimately linked in a given technique, so that actually Field S 

 does not code two items of information (a code symbol for a route, as distinguished from a code symbol 

 for a manner), but only a single item (the route which by its nature frequently restricts the manner, both 

 being described by a single symbol). The manners of application described in Field S are limited: 

 injection and implantation, insertion in the alimentary tract, perfusing through an organism or organ, 

 and placing on the organism surface (by any of several mechanical means: rubbing, painting, brushing, 

 dripping, spraying, washing, immersing, dipping, fumigating, etc. ). These several manners of appli- 

 cation, combined with selected specific anatomical parts (routes), make up the items of Field S, de- 

 scribing the more common techniques of application. Observe that the manners of application just 

 mentioned are not synonymous with nor do they include the description of the state of the compound 

 (e. g. , liquid , solid , gas , as a continuous [ undispersed ] mass, or separated into particles to be 

 discontinuous [i. e. , dispersed as a suspension or emulsion, dust, spray, mist, etc. ]). These states 

 are coded only in Field A for the test compound, never in Field S-3, even though they may seem in 

 some cases to be coded in Field S-3: certain manners and routes (e. g. , Symbol J) are restricted to a 

 single state of the test compound and the implication of that state is so strong, therefore, that Field 

 S-3 appears to be coding the state. This distinction between Field A and Field S-3 is discussed also 

 in the section on the General Use of Field A. 



5. Symbols available for expansion of Fields S-l, S-2, and S-3 



FIELDS S-2 AND S-3 



All of the items of the Code are applicable to Fields S-2 and S-3 and there are no further symbols 

 available for new routes except that the IBM 1 1 and 12 zone punches might be used alone for two new items. 



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