FIELD T- 1 

 Column 57 



additive effects on a given test compound , it is necessary (and adequate ) to sort for IBM punched 

 cards (and Code Sheets) with those compounds coded in Field D and with Symbols 8 or C in Field T-l; 

 these will represent synergists or additive agents as well as the compounds coded as test compounds 

 on those code sheets and IBM punched cards. For example, if there were wanted all compounds which 

 have been tested as synergists or additive agents for Compound "X", all cards would be pulled for the 

 Compound "X" from the serial file and a sort made for Symbol 8 or C in Field T-l; however, the compound 

 may have been coded as the secondary compound in synergist or additive action tests and therefore the 

 secondary compound file should also be checked for Compound "X" and a sort made in Field T-l for 

 cards coded with Symbols 8 or C. Similarly, if there were wanted all compounds tested as antagonists 

 of Compound "X", it is probable that, to be thorough in the search, the secondary compound file should 

 be sorted for Compound "X" as well as the serial file, followed by a sort in Field T-l for Symbol 9. 



The third aspect listed at the beginning of the division is that of the inability to code the action 

 of the secondary compound (i. e. , the action on the biological state or process coded in Field T-2) 

 which has been antagonized, synergized, or supplemented; this is because Field T-l is used to code 

 the antagonism, synergism, or additive effect. In support of the omission, it is pointed out that, in 

 many instances, the secondary compound antagonized, synergized, or supplemented and its action on 

 the biological state or physiological process coded in Field T-2 are so widely known (by persons 

 coding data and subsequently correlating the coded data) that the code entries in Field D (the com- 

 pound's identity) and Field T-2 (the biological state or physiological process affected by the secondary 

 compound) are fully adequate to indicate the uncoded action of the secondary compound affected by the 

 test compound. While this is a justifiable concept, and would be especially so in coding projects of 

 limited scope, the wide and varied area which the CBCC attempts to cover does not permit ignoring 

 coding the specific action of the secondary compound in all cases. Therefore, for CBCC coding, some 

 attention must be paid to coding the action of the secondary compound affected by the test compound. 

 Neither does the line in which is coded a test compound's antagonistic, synergistic, or additive effect 

 permit a code indication of the test compound's action when administered alone . This also must be 

 given some consideration. 



When coding antagonism, synergism, or additive effect, a second Code Sheet is never prepared 

 by the coder to code the action (Field T-l) of the secondary compound, unless instructed to do so. 

 However, the coder should always ascertain that a line is constructed for the test compound (antagonist, 

 synergist, or additive agent) to accompany the line coded with Symbol 8, 9, or C (on the same code 

 sheet), to code the test compound's action, when the data are given from a test demonstrating that 

 action , on the biological state or process coded in Field T-2. This is because the compound tested 

 as an antagonist, synergist, or additive agent is less apt to be a compound whose action is already 

 recorded in the CBCC files and without such a code line, it would not be possible to retrieve data 

 from the file basing a sort on that test compound's action on the biological state or process. The 

 following example illustrates coding as just described. The example concerns an additive effect but 

 it also illustrates the basic pattern for synergism and antagonism: 



Compound A and Compound B have an additive effect in reducing heart rate. Compound A 

 reduced heart rate 5% when administered alone at 200 mg/kg and Compound B reduced it 10% 

 when administered alone at 50 mg/kg. When Compounds A and B are administered together, 

 each at the same dose level as when administered alone, the heart rate is reduced 15%. 



(A line for these data might be constructed at the Center [not by the coder] for Compound B, 

 on a second Code Sheet, identical to line 02 above [except for the Field N entry, which would 

 be 66]; however, for the latter compound on the second Sheet, no "additive" code line would 

 be prepared. ) 



Although the situation outlined as the fourth aspect at the beginning of this division occurs 

 infrequently, it is not unknown; the CBCC has had to establish a coding precedent for it at least to 

 indicate that two compounds were demonstrated to be additive in antagonizing the action of a third 

 compound. 



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