70 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



in 1868, during Mr. Walker's lifetime, I am justified in saying that care 

 must be taken that subsequently added specimens are not taken for types. 

 Restitutions should be left to Mr. Butler and the British Museum authori- 

 ties. The original description must be studied, and facilities other than 

 Mr. Hulst's are needed to make such changes. 



ON THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF CITHERONIA. 



BY A. R. GROTE, A. M. 



I wish to draw particular attention to this genus and its allies. I 

 have, in 1865, drawn a parallel between the group and the Hawk Moths, 

 from the young stages and the peculiar pupation, and in my pamphlet on 

 " the Hawk Moths of North America," I have discussed the probabilities 

 of their relationship. But I here wish to point out that the group is 

 American ; that in America we may expect to find old types among that 

 portion of the fauna which is indigenous, pre-tertiary, and to this atheroma 

 belongs. Further than this, the Ceratocampince, which are tropical con- 

 tinental, or South American rather than North American, but compara- 

 tively equally spread to-day, seem to belong to the Eastern portion of the 

 New World. That is, east of the Rocky Mountains, the Cordilleras, the 

 Andes ; east of the great rocky back-bone of the continent running from 

 north to south. If this is so, it will further illustrate my remarks on the 

 " Geographical Distribution of North American Lepidoptera," which has 

 recently appeared in the pages of the Canadian Entomologist. The 

 sub-family, which I separate from the Saturnina or Attacince, contains 

 two series of genera cr tribes based on larval structare — atheroma, 

 Anisota and Dryocampa (rubicunda and var. alba) standing together, as 

 opposed to Eacles imperialis and allies. This sub-family, remarkable for 

 its form and habit of pupation, its thick wings, velvety-scaled, its short, 

 sub-simple antennae, stands lower than the Attaclnce or true Emperor 

 Moths, and seems to borrow some characters from the Cossince. But the 

 larvae are very different ; they approach somewhat Bombyx mori, which 

 is the most Sphinx-like larva of all the Spinners, yet spins a cocoon, which 

 atheroma does not. That this group is American and has a compara- 

 tively defined range, between the mountains and the Atlantic, are matters 

 of no little interest in the study of the distribution and the origin of our 

 North American moths. In the Annals of the New York Lyceum, col- 

 ored figures are given by the late Mr. C. T. Robinson and myself of 



