No. 55. JEFFERSONIA. 11 



No. 55. JEFFERSONIA BARTONI. 



J 

 r -^ 



Names. Common Twinleaf. Fr, JeflFersone. Vulgar^ 

 Yellow Root, Helmetpodj Ground Squirrel Pea 



Classify Nat. Order of Berberides, Octandria mono- 



gynia L. 



Genus JEFFERSONIA. Calyx 4 leaved, caducous, 



8 petals, 8 stamina opposed to the petals^ one pistil. 



Stigma sessile. Capsule obovate, substipitate, one celled, 



opening near the top by a transversal cutj top operculated. 



Seeds many, arillated, inserted on one side, opposite the 



fissure. Leaves all radical binate on long petioles. Scapes 



unijlore. 



Only one species was known, but in 1820 I discover- 

 ed the J. adorata in Kentucky, and in 1830, observed 

 the/. /o6a/a in Carr's garden, near Philadelphia. Their 

 habit and properties being identic, I include them all in 

 this article, and give their specific differences. 



1. /. Bartoni^ Mx. Folioles pendulous, entire, ob- 

 lique, acute. Scape subclavate, stigma fi)ur lobed, cap- 

 sule angular behind. 



2. /. adorata^ ,Raf. Folioles pendulous, entire, ob- 

 lique, acute. Scape filiform, stigma capitate, sessile, cap- 

 sule oblong, obovate. Varieties — 1. Vndulata. Z. Par- 



vifolia. 3. Cespitosa. 



3. J. Lobata^ Raf. Folioles. erect, oblique, lobed on 

 the outside, lobes acute, sinusses obtuse, petioles fistu- 

 lose, cap'Sules compressed and short. From Georgia, 

 the flowers are large and inodorous. 



DESCRIPTION oflhe S. bartoni. Root lai 

 nial, yellow, multiform. Radical leaves on Fon^ erect 

 petioles, binate or twin, wltl^two oblique folicles insert- 

 ed on one side, each oval, acute, smooth. Scapes erect 

 naked, thicker above, bearing one single flower,very much 

 like that of Sanguinaria, wTiite, inodorous. Petals ob- 

 long, lanceolate, obtuse, longer than the calyx. Anthers 

 yelfow. Pod coriaceus, covered with a lid like a helmet, 



HISTORY. A very singular plant, mistaken by Lin- 

 nseus for a Popdophylhim and called P. diphyllum^ dis- 

 tinguished by Dr. 13. Barton, who dedicated it to the 



