74 WILD MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 



family 



Viburnum opulus. See Vibwmm oputm L. 



Viburnum opulus L. Honeysuckle 



Viburnum opulus; cramp-bark; high-bush cranberry; squawhush. 

 Indigenous shrub, 4 to 10 feet in height, found in low, rich woods and borders 

 of fields from New Jersey, Michigan, and Oregon, northward. 



Part used. — Bark (official). 



Viburnum prunifolium. See Viburnum lentago and V. prmifolium L. 



Viburnum prunifolium I ,. Honeysuckle family ( Caprifoliaceae ) . 



Black haw; sloe; stagbush. 



Indigenous shrub or small tree, growing in dry woods and thickets and on rocky 

 hillsides, Connecticut to Florida, west to Michigan and Texas. Most abun- 

 dant in the South. 



I> art uaedL—Biurk of the root of this species or of V. lentago official under the 

 name " Viburnum prunifolium." 



Viburnum, sweet. See Viburnum lentago. 



Violet family (Violaceae). 



Vine-maple. See ifemspermum cana dense. 



Viola odorata L. 



English violet; sweet violet; March violet. 



Low herb, native of Europe; escaped from gardens. Nova Scotia to New York 

 9 and New Jersey, and on the Pacific coast. 

 Part used.— Flowers (nonofficial). 

 Viola pedata L. Violet family ( Violaceae ) . 



Bird's-foot violet; wood-violet; snake- violet. 



Native plant, perennial, 3 to 10 inches high, occurring in dry fields and on hill- 

 sides from Maine to Minnesota, south to Florida anil Missouri. 



Parts used.— 1 1 erb and root ( nonofficial ) . 

 Viola tricolor L. Violet family (Violaceae ) . 



Pansv; heartsease. 



Small herb, 4 to 12 inches high, introduced from Europe; found in waste places, 



sparingly escaped from gardens. 

 Part used— Flowering herb (nonofficial). 



Violet, bird's-foot. See Viola pedata. 



Violet, dog's-tooth. See Enjthronium anierieanmn. 



Violet, English. See Viola odorata. 



Violet, March. See Viola odorata. 



Violet, rattlesnake-. Bee Brjfikrmtom awmawim, m 



Violet, snake-. See Viola pedata. 



Violet, sweet. See Viola odorata* 



Violet, wood-. See Viola pedata. 



Violet-bloom. See Solanum dulcamara. 



Virginia creeper. See Parthenocissus quinquefolia. 



Virgin' s-bower. See Clematis virginiana. 



Viscum flavescens Pursh. Same as Phoradendron flavescens. 



Vomitwort. See Lobelia intiata. 



Wafer-ash. See Ptelea trifoliata. 



Wahoo. See Bwmgwus atropurpureus. 



Wake-robin. See Arisaema triphyllum and Trillium erectum. 



Walnut, white. See Jttglans cinerea. 



Wartwort. See Qnaphalium uligm&wm* 



