42 BRYACE^. [Phascum. 



on the lower part, more dense, quadrate or round-hexagonal in 

 the upper. Flowers monoecious ; the male gemmaceous (in 

 American species), upon the stem at the base of the branches 

 or naked in the axil of a perichaetial leaf. Capsule pedicellate, 

 sub-globose or ovate-oblong, apiculate or obtusely rostellate. 

 Calyptra cucullate. Columella persistent. 



1. P. Carniolicum, Web. & Mohr. Plants minute, ces- 



pitulose : stems short, simple or bifid : lower leaves small, 



lanceolate, the upper and comal long-lanceolate, spreading or 



erect, incurved, complicate when dry ; costa strong, percurrent 



or excurrent into a short point ; areolation chlorophyllose in the 



upper part : male flowers at the base of the stems : capsule 



short-pedicellate, subglobose, obtusely pointed, shining, reddish 



brown. — Bot. Taschenb. 69 and 450 ; Bryol. Eur. t. 5. Acau- 



lon Carniolicum^ Muell. Syn. i. 23. 



Hab. Silicious soil and stones on the plains of Western Kansas {"E. 

 Hall). 



2. P. CUSpidatum, Schreb. Plants subcespitose : stems 

 short and simple, or divided by basilar innovations or flagelliform 

 branches : leaves close, shutting up in the gemmules on the 

 short stems or erect-spreading, more or less distant, ovate- 

 lanceolate, the terminal carinate-concave, long-acuminate, cuspi- 

 date by the more or less excurrent round costa, very entire, 

 somewhat revolute in the lower part ; areolation minutely 

 papillose : capsule on a short straight or slightly curved pedicel, 

 immersed, globose or rarely ovate, obtusely acuminate, reddish 

 brown. — Phase. 8, t. 1 ; Bryol. Eur. t. 5. 



Var. piliferurQ, Bruch & Schimp. Costa prolonged into a 



long filiform point : capsule larger ; pedicel generally curved. — 



I^. piliferxim., Schreb., 1. c, t. 1, fig. 7. 



Hab. Dry soil in old fields, on the borders of meadows, along fences, 

 etc. Both the normal form and the variety are very common. Other 

 varieties are enmnerated by European authors, but are easily referred to 

 the type. 



3. P. bryoid.es, Dicks. Loosely cespitose or occasionally 

 densely tufted, the jDlants short, prostrate when old ; innova- 

 tions basilar : leaves small, distant, ovate-lanceolate, the upper 

 oblong-lanceolate, cuspidate by the excurrent costa, concave, 

 entire and margins recurved : calyptra large, yellowish, reach- 

 ing the middle of the capsule : capsule emerging on a long thick 



