Pohjtrichum.] BRYACE^. 263 



sheathing base, glaucous-green or light brown ; perichoetial 

 leaves longer-sheathing, narrower : calyptra descending to 

 below the base of the capsule : capsule ovate-oblong, papillose, 

 not deformed when dry ; lid plano-convex, straight-beaked. — 

 Prodr. 85; Bryol. Eur. t. 417. Polytrichii'm urnigerum^ Linn. 

 Sp. PI. 1109; Lindb. 1. c. Ill and 134. 



Hak. Woods, on sandy ground ; mountains and hilly regions. 



Very variable, especially in the size and length of the stems. A variety 

 from Alaska has very short stems, and a short oval capsule, with the 

 aspect of the European P. nanum, Neck. 



8, P. alpinum, Koehl. Loosely and irregularly cespitose ; 

 stems Ik'xuous or erect, black, triangular : leaves open, recurved 

 or subsecund, from a white shining long-sheathing base, long 

 and narrowly linear-lanceolate, concave, sharply reddish-dentate, 

 spinulose on the back near the apex : capsule long-pedicellate, 

 cernuous or inclined, turgid-ovate or oblong, with a short spurious 

 neck, yellowish green when filled, ferruginous when empty; lid 

 small, with a long oblique beak; teeth very irregular. — 

 Deutsehl. FL ed. 2, iii. 59; Bryol. Eur. t. 418. Pohjtrichicm 

 alpimmi^ Linn. 1. c. ; Lindb. 1. c. 110 and 129. 



Var. arcticuni, Brid. Plants slender, less divided : capsule 

 longer, cylindrical, subarcuate. — Bryol. Univ. ii. 131. P. arcti- 

 cum, Poehl. Pohjtrichum si/liKiticum^ Menz. 1. c. 83, t. 7, fig, 6. 



Var. septentrionale, Brid. 1. c. Stems sparingly foliate : 

 leaves shorter, subsecund : capsule erect, ovate-globose. — P. 

 septentrio7iale^ Roehl. 



Yar. brevifolium, Brid. 1. c. Stems erect ; branches few 

 and short: leaves densely crowded, imbricate, short, rigid, yel- 

 lowish green : capsule very small, globose or larger and oval- 

 globose. — Polytrichum brevifolium, R. Brown, Apj). Parry's 

 Voy. Suppl. 294. 



Var. simplex, Schimp. Very small ; stem simple, scarcely 

 1 cm. long : leaves short, imbricate, erect when dry : capsule 

 short-pedicelled, ovate or subglobose. — Syn. 442. 

 Hab. Wet rocks and shady grassy banks, in mountains. 



97. POLYTRICHUM, Linn. (PI. 3.) 

 Plants growing in wide and large tufts, from radiculose 

 creeping shoots. Stems erect, simple, woody, triangular, the 

 male continuous from the middle of the flowers. Leaves as in 



