314 BRTACE^. [Climacium. 



the articulations, bipartite when old. Annulus none. Spores 

 very small. 



1. 0. dendroides, Web. & Mohr. Leaves ovate-oblong, 

 lanceolate, concave, bisulcate, serrate at the apex, slightly 

 clecurrent and hollowed at the basal angles, costate to below the 

 apex, bright green and glossy ; j^erichiBtial leaves thinner, more 

 loosely areolate, entire, the inner sheathing : capsules numerous, 

 ovate-oblong, chestnut-color; lid rostrate-acuminate, remaining 

 attached to the columella; teeth united into a cone when damp, 

 incurved between the segments when dry : spores olive green. — 

 Iter. Suec. 96 ; Bryol. Eur. t. 437. Ilypnwn dendroides, Linn. 

 Sp. PI. 1128. LesJcea dendroides, Hedw. Spec. Muse. 228. 

 N^ecJcera dendroides, Muell. Syn. ii. 122. 



Hab. Wet prairies, borders of ditches, etc. ; very common in Europe, 

 rare in America. Britisli America {Drummond) ; Fort Colville {Lyall)\ 

 Wliite Mountains (Oofces); Canada [Macoun); Sand Lalie, New York 

 (C. //. Feck). 



2. C. Americanum, Brid. Closely allied to the last: 

 leaves long-decurrent and more broadly auriculate at base, 

 coarsely serrate above, round-areolate at the broad auricles; 

 pericha^tial leaves erect, longer acuminate : capsule longer, 

 cylindrical, erect or slightly curved; operculum longer and 

 abruptly rostrate ; teeth longer and abruptly long-subulate from 

 a lanceolate base, dark orange. — Muse, Recent. Suppl. ii. 45 ; 

 Sulliv. Mosses of U. States, 60, and Icon. Muse. 151, t. 97. 

 Neckera dendroides, var. Americana, Muell. 1. c. 



Hab. Sliady woods in damp places ; decayed logs, roots of trees, etc. 



3. C. Ruthenicum, Lindb. Mode of growth of Cli- 

 vnacimn; branches j)innate or bipinnate ; branchlets filiform, 

 slender : leaves of the primary stems squamiform, clasping the 

 stem, broadly ovate, obtuse, apiculate, very entire, strongly 

 costate or ecostate ; branch-leaves lanceolate from an enlarged 

 base, serrate from below the middle ; costa thick, dark, dentate 

 at the apex; perichaBtial leaves broadly ovate at base, long- 

 cuspidate, with borders undulate or erose above : capsule cernu- 

 ous and horizontal, oblong-cylindrical, arcuate, inflated at the 

 neck; pedicel comparatively short, reddish; operculum broad, 

 long-conical, acute ; teeth broadly lanceolate, hyaline-margined ; 

 segments broad, as long as the teeth, cleft between the articula- 

 tions. — Act. Soc. Fenn. x. 248; Sulliv. Icon. Muse. Suppl. 77, 



